理解儿童和家长对影响儿童积极上学交通的障碍的看法。
Understanding child and parent perceptions of barriers influencing children's active school travel.
机构信息
Human Environments Analysis Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, N6A 3K7, Canada.
Children's Health Research Institute, 800 Commissioners Rd. E, London, N6C 2V5, Canada.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2018 Aug 22;18(1):1053. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5874-y.
BACKGROUND
Physical activity plays a fundamental role in the health and well-being of children. Walking is the most common form of physical activity and the journey to and from school provides an opportunity for children to be active every day. This study examines how child and parent perceptions of barriers to active school travel influences children's behaviour.
METHODS
Participants were recruited from 48 elementary schools in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. The study sample includes 1296 children (ages 9-14 years) who live within walking distance of their school, defined as 1.6 km network distance. Chi-square analysis examined differences between child and parent perceptions of barriers to active school travel. Logistic regression models examined how parent and child perceptions of barriers influence active school travel behaviour, while controlling for key intrapersonal, interpersonal, and physical environment factors.
RESULTS
The results indicate that there are significant differences in how parents and children perceive barriers to active school travel. Model results find older children, children without siblings, households with no vehicles, and children who live closer to school are most likely to use active school travel. Parent perceptions of barriers are found to have a greater influence on children's active school travel behaviour than children's perceptions. Different perceptions of barriers influence active school travel to school compared to returning home from school.
CONCLUSIONS
Child and parent perceptions of barriers to active school travel differ and have different impacts on children's travel behaviour. Understanding how child and parent perceptions of barriers differ can help policymakers and practitioners develop specialized interventions aimed at increasing children's use of active school travel and children's overall physical activity. Interventions used to promote active school travel should focus on safety, as well as perceptions of distance to break parental habits of routinely driving their children to school. Overall, this study highlights the importance of considering both child and parent perceptions to create a safe and accessible environment to allow for an increase in active school travel behaviour among elementary school children who live within walking distance of their school.
背景
身体活动对儿童的健康和幸福起着至关重要的作用。步行是最常见的身体活动形式，而往返学校的过程为儿童提供了每天活跃的机会。本研究考察了儿童和家长对阻碍积极上学出行因素的看法如何影响儿童的行为。
方法
参与者来自加拿大安大略省西南部的 48 所小学。研究样本包括 1296 名儿童（9-14 岁），他们居住在步行可达范围内的学校，定义为 1.6 公里网络距离内。卡方分析检验了儿童和家长对积极上学出行障碍看法的差异。逻辑回归模型检验了家长和儿童对障碍的看法如何影响积极上学出行行为，同时控制了关键的内在、人际和物理环境因素。
结果
结果表明，家长和儿童对积极上学出行障碍的看法存在显著差异。模型结果表明，年龄较大的儿童、没有兄弟姐妹的儿童、没有车辆的家庭以及居住距离学校较近的儿童最有可能使用积极上学出行。家长对障碍的看法对儿童积极上学出行行为的影响大于儿童自身的看法。对障碍的不同看法影响了上学和放学回家的积极上学出行行为。
结论
儿童和家长对积极上学出行障碍的看法存在差异，对儿童的出行行为有不同的影响。了解儿童和家长对障碍看法的差异，可以帮助政策制定者和实践者制定专门的干预措施，以增加儿童对积极上学出行的使用，提高儿童的整体身体活动水平。用于促进积极上学出行的干预措施应侧重于安全性以及对距离的看法，以打破父母习惯性开车送孩子上学的习惯。总的来说，本研究强调了考虑儿童和家长的看法的重要性，以创造一个安全和便利的环境，增加居住在步行可达范围内的小学生积极上学出行的行为。
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