Department of Politics, Philosophy and Religion, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom.
Bioethics. 2019 Jan;33(1):60-67. doi: 10.1111/bioe.12499. Epub 2018 Aug 23.
This paper explores whether egg donation could still be ethically justified if in vitro gametogenesis (IVG) became reliable and safe. In order to do this, issues and concerns that might inform a patient's reasoning in choosing to use donor eggs instead of IVG are explored and assessed. It is concluded that egg donation would only be ethically justified in a narrow range of special cases given the (hypothetical) availability of IVG treatment and, further, that egg donation could itself be replaced by donation through IVG techniques. Two possible criticisms of this position are then considered: Ones based on respect for patient wishes, and on loss of donor benefit. It is concluded that whilst neither argument constitutes a strong enough reason to continue with programmes of egg donation, egg-sharing programmes could still be permitted come the advent of IVG; these could then provide a morally acceptable source of "natural" donor eggs.
本文探讨了如果体外配子发生（IVG）变得可靠和安全，那么卵子捐赠是否仍然在伦理上是合理的。为此，探讨并评估了可能影响患者选择使用捐赠卵子而不是 IVG 的原因和关注点。结论是，鉴于（假设）IVG 治疗的可用性，卵子捐赠仅在有限的特殊情况下在伦理上是合理的，而且，卵子捐赠本身可以通过 IVG 技术的捐赠来替代。然后考虑了对这一立场的两种可能的批评：一种基于对患者意愿的尊重，另一种基于捐赠者利益的丧失。结论是，虽然这两个论点都不足以成为继续进行卵子捐赠计划的充分理由，但随着 IVG 的出现，仍然可以允许卵子共享计划；这些计划随后可以提供一个道德上可接受的“自然”供体卵子来源。
