School of Physical Education & Sport Sciences (SEFAA), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens, Greece.
Sports Biomech. 2020 Aug;19(4):467-482. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2018.1497196. Epub 2018 Aug 23.
The aim of this study was to investigate if a visible target for the hurdle take-off would influence the onset of visual regulation and hurdle kinematics during the approach run. Ten elite male gymnasts (age 23.4 ± 4.9 years, height 1.68 ± 0.06 m, mass 63.3 ± 6.2 kg) performed six handspring vaults with a full approach run under two controlled conditions: (a) with a 5-cm white tape on the runway marking the last touchdown of the approach run and the commencement of the hurdle (tape condition-T) and (b) under the standard vaulting regulations (non-tape condition-NT). Spatiotemporal data of the approach run and the hurdle were collected by four stationary and one panning cameras (sampling rate 300 fps). Eight out of 10 gymnasts commenced regulation earlier under T than under NT. Under T condition, horizontal velocity ( = 9.06 ± 0.41 m/s) and vertical velocity ( = 9.35 ± 0.37 m/s) was significantly faster than under NT condition ( = 8.85 ± 0.49 m/s; = 9.11 ± 0.47 m/s). Introducing a target for the hurdle facilitates an early onset of step regulation and significantly improves the kinematics of the hurdle.
本研究旨在探讨在助跑过程中，是否存在一个可见的起跳板目标会影响视觉调节和跨栏运动学的开始。10 名男性精英体操运动员（年龄 23.4±4.9 岁，身高 1.68±0.06 米，体重 63.3±6.2 公斤）在两种控制条件下进行了六次后手翻跳马，均采用完整的助跑：（a）在跑道上用 5 厘米宽的白色胶带标记助跑的最后触地点和起跳板的起始点（胶带条件-T）和（b）根据标准跳马规则（无胶带条件-NT）。助跑和跨栏的时空数据由四台固定摄像机和一台平移摄像机（采样率 300fps）收集。10 名运动员中有 8 名在 T 条件下比在 NT 条件下更早地开始调整。在 T 条件下，水平速度（ = 9.06±0.41m/s）和垂直速度（ = 9.35±0.37m/s）明显快于 NT 条件（ = 8.85±0.49m/s； = 9.11±0.47m/s）。引入起跳板目标有助于更早地开始调整步幅，并显著改善跨栏运动学。
