Jansen Robert K, Palmer Jeffrey D
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Connecticut, Box U-42, Storrs, Connecticut, 06268.
Department of Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109.
Am J Bot. 1988 May;75(5):753-766. doi: 10.1002/j.1537-2197.1988.tb13496.x.
Phylogenetic relationships among 13 species in the tribe Mutisieae and a single species from each of three other tribes in the Asteraceae were assessed by chloroplast DNA restriction site mapping. Initially, 211 restriction site mutations were detected among 16 species using 10 restriction enzymes. Examination of 12 of these species using nine more enzymes revealed 179 additional restriction site mutations. Phylogenetic analyses of restriction site mutations were performed using both Dolio and Wagner parsimony, and the resulting monophyletic groups were statistically tested by the bootstrap method. The phylogenetic trees confirm an ancient evolutionary split in the Asteraceae that was previously suggested by the distribution of a chloroplast DNA inversion. The subtribe Barnadesiinae of the tribe Mutisieae is shown to be the ancestral group within the Asteraceae. The molecular phylogenies also confirm the paraphyly of the Mutisieae and provide statistical support for the monophyly of three of its four currently recognized subtribes (Barnadesiinae, Mutisiinae, and Nassauviinae). The fourth subtribe, Gochnatiinae, is shown to be paraphyletic. Within the subtribes, several closely related generic pairs are identified. Chloroplast DNA sequence divergence among genera of the Asteraceae ranges between 0.7 and 5.4%, which is relatively low in comparison to other angiosperm groups. This suggests that the Asteraceae is either a relatively young family or that its chloroplast DNA has evolved at a slower rate than in other families.
通过叶绿体DNA限制性位点图谱分析，评估了Mutisieae族13个物种以及菊科其他三个族各一个物种之间的系统发育关系。最初，使用10种限制性内切酶在16个物种中检测到211个限制性位点突变。使用另外9种酶对其中12个物种进行检测，又发现了179个限制性位点突变。利用Dolio简约法和Wagner简约法对限制性位点突变进行系统发育分析，并通过自展法对所得的单系类群进行统计学检验。系统发育树证实了菊科中一个古老的进化分支，这一进化分支先前由叶绿体DNA倒位的分布所暗示。Mutisieae族的Barnadesiinae亚族被证明是菊科中的祖先类群。分子系统发育也证实了Mutisieae族的并系性，并为其目前认可的四个亚族中的三个（Barnadesiinae、Mutisiinae和Nassauviinae）的单系性提供了统计学支持。第四个亚族Gochnatiinae被证明是并系的。在这些亚族中，鉴定出了几对亲缘关系密切的属。菊科各属之间的叶绿体DNA序列差异在0.7%至5.4%之间，与其他被子植物类群相比相对较低。这表明菊科要么是一个相对年轻的科，要么其叶绿体DNA的进化速度比其他科慢。
