Wadas Wanda, Raczuk Jolanta
1Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Natural Science, Department of Vegetable Crops, Siedlce, Poland
Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Natural Science, Department of Environmental Studies and Biological Education, Siedlce, Poland
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2018;69(3):243-249.
New potatoes are imported to Poland mainly from the Mediterranean countries. In climate of the Mediterranean Basin potatoes can be grown twice a year. The different environment conditions during plant growth have effect on the tuber quality.
The aim of the study was to assess the nutrition safety of new potatoes imported to Poland in the winter period from Mediterranean countries on the basis of the ascorbate-nitrate index.
The study material included potatoes imported from Cyprus, Egypt and Israel, purchased in the Siedlce city, from the beginning of February to the end of March 2015. Laboratory tests were performed on a total of 54 potato samples. The contents of L-ascorbic acid was determined by titration method with the 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol according to Tillmans and nitrate by spectrophotometric method based on the Griess reaction. The ascorbate-nitrate index (IAN) as the ratio of L-ascorbic acid amount-to-nitrate amount in potato tubers was calculated.
The L-ascorbic acid content in imported new potatoes ranged from 102.7 to 131.0 mg kg-1 and nitrate content from 22.70 to 64.74 mg N-NO3 kg-1 of the fresh weight of tubers. The L-ascorbic acid content in potatoes imported from Cyprus was similar to potatoes of the same cultivar imported from Egypt. The L-ascorbic acid content in potatoes imported from Israel was at a similar or higher level than in potatoes originating from Cyprus or Egypt. The lowest nitrate were in potatoes imported from Egypt. The nitrate content determined in potatoes imported from Cyprus was almost 2.5-times higher than for potatoes of the same cultivar imported from Egypt, whereas the nitrate contents in potatoes imported from Israel was 1.6-2-times higher than in potatoes originating from Egypt. The IAN was from 1.68 to 5.73. The IAN for the potatoes imported from Egypt was above 2.5-times higher than for potatoes of the same cultivar imported from Cyprus, and almost 2-times higher than for potatoes imported from Israel.
The nitrate content in tested potato samples did not exceed the permissible content of 200 mg NO3 kg-1 of the fresh weight of tubers. The IAN value calculated for all tested potato samples was higher than 1, which indicates that new potatoes imported to Poland in the winter period from Mediterranean countries are safe for human health regarding the nitrate content.
波兰进口的新土豆主要来自地中海国家。在地中海盆地的气候条件下，土豆一年可以种植两季。植物生长期间不同的环境条件会影响块茎质量。
本研究旨在基于抗坏血酸 - 硝酸盐指数评估冬季从地中海国家进口到波兰的新土豆的营养安全性。
研究材料包括2015年2月初至3月底在谢德尔采市购买的从塞浦路斯、埃及和以色列进口的土豆。总共对54个土豆样本进行了实验室检测。L - 抗坏血酸含量采用蒂尔曼斯法用2,6 - 二氯酚靛酚滴定法测定，硝酸盐含量采用基于格里斯反应的分光光度法测定。计算土豆块茎中L - 抗坏血酸含量与硝酸盐含量之比作为抗坏血酸 - 硝酸盐指数（IAN）。
进口新土豆中L - 抗坏血酸含量在102.7至131.0毫克/千克之间，硝酸盐含量在22.70至64.74毫克N - NO₃/千克块茎鲜重之间。从塞浦路斯进口的土豆中L - 抗坏血酸含量与从埃及进口的同一品种土豆相似。从以色列进口的土豆中L - 抗坏血酸含量与来自塞浦路斯或埃及的土豆处于相似或更高水平。硝酸盐含量最低的是从埃及进口的土豆。从塞浦路斯进口的土豆中测定的硝酸盐含量几乎是从埃及进口的同一品种土豆的2.5倍，而从以色列进口的土豆中硝酸盐含量比来自埃及的土豆高1.6至2倍。IAN为1.68至5.73。从埃及进口的土豆的IAN比从塞浦路斯进口的同一品种土豆高2.5倍以上，比从以色列进口的土豆高近2倍。
测试的土豆样本中的硝酸盐含量未超过块茎鲜重200毫克NO₃/千克的允许含量。所有测试土豆样本计算出的IAN值均高于1，这表明冬季从地中海国家进口到波兰的新土豆在硝酸盐含量方面对人体健康是安全的。
