1 University of Innsbruck, Austria.
2 Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2019 Apr;45(4):541-556. doi: 10.1177/0146167218789073. Epub 2018 Aug 24.
Comparing economically unfavorably with similar others has detrimental consequences for an individual, ultimately resulting in low physical health, delinquency, and hostility. In four studies ( N = 2,032), we examined whether believing in a mobile society-one offering fair chances and opportunity-mitigates hostile emotions resulting from disadvantaged social standing. We find that with increasing mobility belief, negative comparisons have gradually less impact on hostility. Specifically, measured (Studies 1 and 4) and manipulated (Studies 2 and 3) social mobility belief moderated the link between induced high versus low social status, experiencing relative deprivation, and hostile affect. A positive outcome on the surface, social mobility belief may indirectly contribute to the maintenance of social inequality by appeasing anger about perceived injustice.
与相似的人相比处于经济劣势对个人有不利影响，最终导致身体健康状况不佳、犯罪和敌意。在四项研究中（N=2032），我们研究了相信一个提供公平机会和机遇的流动社会是否可以减轻因社会地位低下而产生的敌对情绪。我们发现，随着流动信仰的增加，负面比较对敌意的影响逐渐减弱。具体来说，测量（研究 1 和 4）和操纵（研究 2 和 3）的社会流动信仰调节了诱导的高社会地位与低社会地位、相对剥夺感和敌对情绪之间的联系。表面上的积极结果，社会流动信仰可能通过平息对不公平的感知不满来间接地促进社会不平等的维持。
