ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2018 Dec;43:40-45. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2018.08.002. Epub 2018 Aug 22.
Type 2 diabetes is a common complex disease. Relatively little is known about the underlying pathophysiology. Mild islet inflammation has been suggested to play a pathogenic role; here we review the available evidence. Mild islet inflammation is histologically detected in pancreas sections of type 2 diabetic patients. In experimental models, it can be triggered by excess nutrients, amyloid, lipopolysaccharide, and endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress. Transcriptome studies do not consistently identify pro-inflammatory gene expression signatures in type 2 diabetic islets, and genetic evidence calls into question the causality of inflammation. Several anti-inflammatory medications confer a modest glucose-lowering effect, supporting the role for inflammation in type 2 diabetes. Whether these anti-inflammatory therapies target inflammation in islets or in other metabolically relevant tissues remains unknown.
2 型糖尿病是一种常见的复杂疾病。对于其潜在的病理生理学，我们知之甚少。有研究表明，轻度胰岛炎症可能发挥着致病作用；在这里，我们对现有证据进行了综述。在 2 型糖尿病患者的胰腺切片中可以观察到轻度胰岛炎症。在实验模型中，它可以由过量的营养物质、淀粉样蛋白、脂多糖、内质网和氧化应激引发。转录组研究并没有一致地鉴定出 2 型糖尿病胰岛中促炎基因表达特征，遗传证据也对炎症的因果关系提出了质疑。几种抗炎药物具有适度的降糖作用，支持炎症在 2 型糖尿病中的作用。这些抗炎治疗是针对胰岛还是其他与代谢相关的组织的炎症尚不清楚。
