Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Department of Music, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Conscious Cogn. 2018 Oct;65:126-140. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2018.07.014. Epub 2018 Aug 22.
A wide range of cognitions is generated involuntarily in the human mind daily. We developed a paradigm, which covertly induces and samples spontaneous cognitions in the visual and auditory modalities, focusing on 3 key characteristics: spontaneity, repetition, and emotional valence. Sixty participants watched two visual clips while listening to music and assessed their characteristics. Post-induction, participants closed their eyes for 5 min and then completed a questionnaire, which indirectly samples different forms of spontaneous cognition. Induction was effective in all categories. Results indicated that different forms of spontaneous musical cognitions are experienced as longer in duration and less negative in emotional valence compared to visual cognitions. The findings are discussed in relation to spontaneous cognition methodology and experiences in different modalities. Spontaneous cognitions are multifaceted and not unitary constructs as previously considered and studied, and as such the novel induction and sampling paradigm presents a promising line of research.
人的大脑每天都会不由自主地产生各种各样的认知。我们开发了一种范式，它可以在视觉和听觉模式下隐蔽地诱发和采样自发认知，重点关注 3 个关键特征：自发性、重复性和情绪效价。60 名参与者在观看两个视觉片段的同时听音乐，并对其特征进行评估。诱导后，参与者闭眼 5 分钟，然后完成一份问卷，该问卷间接采样不同形式的自发认知。在所有类别中，诱导都是有效的。结果表明，与视觉认知相比，不同形式的自发音乐认知在持续时间上更长，情绪效价更消极。研究结果与不同模式下的自发认知方法和体验有关。自发认知是多方面的，而不是以前所认为和研究的单一结构，因此，这种新颖的诱导和采样范式提出了一个有前途的研究方向。
