Toxicology Area, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (UEX), 10003 Caceres, Spain.
National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Nov 30;164:493-499. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.060. Epub 2018 Aug 23.
Concentrations of 7 different polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, and eleven organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and metabolites, including DDTs (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane), HCHs (hexachlorocyclohexane isomers), Endosulfan, Endosulfan sulfate, Endrin, Dieldrin and HCB (hexachlorobenzene), were determined in adipose tissue of 57 yellow-legged gulls collected from NW and N Spain. Furthermore, the possible differences due to two endogenous factors, age and gender, were determined. All the analyzed PCBs were detected in over 66% of the samples, with levels of 291.9 (PCB 180), 34.5 (PCB 118), 0.7 (PCB 28), 432.6 (PCB 153), 225.5 (PCB 138), 1.3 (PCB 101) and 0.4 (PCB 52) µg/kg of adipose tissue. With respect to the OCPs and metabolites, only 4,4'-DDE and HCB were detected in more than 50% of the samples, with means of 360.6 and 2.5 µg/kg of adipose tissue, respectively. From all the considered contaminants, only 4,4'-DDE levels presented significant differences depending on the gender, with females showing higher values than males (p < 0.01). Significant differences (p < 0.001) were also found related to age for the levels of PCBs 180, 138, 101, 28 and 153, as well as 4,4'-DDE, with adult levels being higher than those in young birds. The results of the present study constitute a baseline to better assess the environmental impacts of PCB and OCP contamination at other coastal sites for future biomonitoring studies, with particular emphasis on gender- and age-related differences.
在西班牙西北部和北部采集的 57 只黄腿海鸥的脂肪组织中，测定了 7 种不同多氯联苯（PCBs）同系物和 11 种有机氯农药（OCPs）及其代谢物，包括滴滴涕（二氯二苯基三氯乙烷）、六氯环己烷异构体（HCHs）、硫丹、硫丹硫酸盐、艾氏剂、狄氏剂和六氯苯（HCB）。此外，还确定了由于两个内源性因素，即年龄和性别，可能存在的差异。所有分析的 PCBs 在超过 66%的样本中被检测到，其水平分别为 291.9（PCB180）、34.5（PCB118）、0.7（PCB28）、432.6（PCB153）、225.5（PCB138）、1.3（PCB101）和 0.4（PCB52）µg/kg 脂肪组织。至于 OCPs 和代谢物，只有 4,4'-DDE 和 HCB 在超过 50%的样本中被检测到，其平均值分别为 360.6 和 2.5µg/kg 脂肪组织。在所考虑的所有污染物中，只有 4,4'-DDE 的水平因性别而异，女性的数值高于男性（p<0.01）。还发现 PCB180、138、101、28 和 153 以及 4,4'-DDE 的水平与年龄之间存在显著差异（p<0.001），成年海鸥的水平高于幼鸟。本研究的结果为在未来的生物监测研究中更好地评估其他沿海地区 PCB 和 OCP 污染的环境影响提供了基线，特别强调了性别和年龄差异。
