日粮能量和粗蛋白水平对断奶仔猪生长性能、血液指标及养分消化率的影响。
Effects of dietary energy and crude protein levels on growth performance, blood profiles, and nutrient digestibility in weaning pigs.
作者信息
Fang Lin Hu, Jin Ying Hai, Do Sung Ho, Hong Jin Su, Kim Byung Ock, Han Tae Hee, Kim Yoo Yong
机构信息
School of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yan Ji, Ji Lin, 133000 China.
出版信息
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2019 Apr;32(4):556-563. doi: 10.5713/ajas.18.0294. Epub 2018 Aug 27.
OBJECTIVE
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of reducing dietary metabolic energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) levels on growth performance, blood profiles, and nutrient digestibility in weaning pigs.
METHODS
A total of 240 crossbred pigs (Duroc×[Landrace×Yorkshire]) with an average body weight of 8.67±1.13 kg were used for a 6-week feeding trial. Experimental pigs were allotted to a 2×3 factorial arrangement using a randomized complete block design. The first factor was two levels of dietary ME density (low ME level, 13.40 MJ/kg or high ME level, 13.82 MJ/kg) and the second factor was three dietary CP levels based on subdivision of early and late weaning phases (low CP level, 19.7%/16.9%; middle CP level, 21.7%/18.9%; or high CP level, 23.7%/20.9%).
RESULTS
Over the entire experimental period, there were no significant difference in body weight among groups, but a decrease in diet energy level was associated with an increase in average daily feed intake (p = 0.02) and decrease in gain-feed ratio (G:F) ratio (p<0.01). Decreased CP levels in the diet were associated with a linear increase in average daily gain (p< 0.05) and quadratic increase in G:F ratio (p<0.05). In the early weaning period, blood urea nitrogen concentration tended to increase when ME in the diet decreased and decrease when CP level in the diet decreased (p = 0.09, p<0.01, respectively). Total protein concentration tended to increase when CP level was reduced (p = 0.08). In the late weaning period, blood urea nitrogen concentration decreased linearly as CP level decreased (p<0.01). The CP and crude fat digestibility decreased when ME was decreased by 0.42 MJ/kg (p = 0.05, p = 0.01, respectively). The CP digestibility increased linearly as CP level decreased (p = 0.01).
CONCLUSION
A weaning pig diet containing high ME level (13.82 MJ/kg) and low CP level (19.7%/16.9%) can improve pig growth performance and nutrient digestibility.
目的
本试验旨在研究降低断奶仔猪日粮代谢能（ME）和粗蛋白（CP）水平对其生长性能、血液指标及养分消化率的影响。
方法
选用240头平均体重8.67±1.13 kg的杜洛克×（长白×大白）杂交断奶仔猪，进行为期6周的饲养试验。试验猪采用随机完全区组设计，按2×3析因排列分组。第一个因素为两个日粮ME密度水平（低ME水平，13.40 MJ/kg；高ME水平，13.82 MJ/kg），第二个因素为根据断奶前期和后期细分的三个日粮CP水平（低CP水平，19.7%/16.9%；中CP水平，21.7%/18.9%；高CP水平，23.7%/20.9%）。
结果
在整个试验期内，各组体重无显著差异，但日粮能量水平降低与平均日采食量增加（p = 0.02）和料重比（G:F）降低（p<0.01）有关。日粮CP水平降低与平均日增重呈线性增加（p<0.05）和G:F比呈二次曲线增加（p<0.05）有关。在断奶前期，日粮ME降低时血尿素氮浓度有升高趋势，日粮CP水平降低时血尿素氮浓度有降低趋势（分别为p = 0.09，p<0.01）。CP水平降低时总蛋白浓度有升高趋势（p = 0.08）。在断奶后期，血尿素氮浓度随CP水平降低呈线性下降（p<0.01）。当ME降低0.42 MJ/kg时，CP和粗脂肪消化率降低（分别为p = 0.05，p = 0.01）。CP消化率随CP水平降低呈线性增加（p = 0.01）。
结论
含高ME水平（13.82 MJ/kg）和低CP水平（19.7%/16.9%）的断奶仔猪日粮可提高猪的生长性能和养分消化率。
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