Jin X H, Heo P S, Hong J S, Kim N J, Kim Y Y
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Animal Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
National Academy of Agricultural Science, Wanju 565-851, Korea.
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2016 Jul;29(7):979-86. doi: 10.5713/ajas.15.0535. Epub 2016 Jun 6.
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dried mealworm (Tenebrio molitor larva) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood profiles in weaning pigs. A total of 120 weaning pigs (28±3 days and 8.04±0.08 kg of body weight) were allotted to one of five treatments, based on sex and body weight, in 6 replicates with 4 pigs per pen by a randomized complete block design. Supplementation level of dried mealworm was 0%, 1.5%, 3.0%, 4.5%, or 6.0% in experimental diet as treatment. Two phase feeding programs (phase I from 0 day to 14 day, phase II from 14 day to 35 day) were used in this experiment. All animals were allowed to access diet and water ad libitum. During phase I, increasing level of dried mealworm in diet linearly improved the body weight (p<0.01), average daily gain (ADG) (p<0.01) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p<0.01). During phase II, ADG also tended to increase linearly when pigs were fed higher level of dried mealworm (p = 0.08). In addition, increasing level of dried mealworm improved the ADG (p<0.01), ADFI (p<0.05) and tended to increase gain to feed ratio (p = 0.07) during the whole experimental period. As dried mealworm level was increased, nitrogen retention and digestibility of dry matter as well as crude protein were linearly increased (p = 0.05). In the results of blood profiles, decrease of blood urea nitrogen (linear, p = 0.05) and increase of insulin-like growth factor (linear, p = 0.03) were observed as dried mealworm was increased in diet during phase II. However, there were no significant differences in immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG concentration by addition of dried mealworm in the growth trial. Consequently, supplementation of dried mealworm up to 6% in weaning pigs' diet improves growth performance and nutrient digestibility without any detrimental effect on immune responses.
本试验旨在研究黄粉虫干体（黄粉虫幼虫）对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率和血液指标的影响。选取120头断奶仔猪（28±3日龄，体重8.04±0.08 kg），根据性别和体重，采用随机完全区组设计，分为5个处理组，每个处理6个重复，每栏4头猪。试验日粮中黄粉虫干体的添加水平分别为0%、1.5%、3.0%、4.5%或6.0%。本试验采用两阶段饲养方案（第I阶段为0至14天，第II阶段为14至35天）。所有动物均可自由采食日粮和饮水。在第I阶段，日粮中黄粉虫干体水平的增加线性提高了体重（p<0.01）、平均日增重（ADG）（p<0.01）和平均日采食量（ADFI）（p<0.01）。在第II阶段，当给仔猪饲喂较高水平的黄粉虫干体时，ADG也呈线性增加趋势（p = 0.08）。此外，在整个试验期内，黄粉虫干体水平的增加提高了ADG（p<0.01）、ADFI（p<0.05），并使料重比有增加趋势（p = 0.07）。随着黄粉虫干体水平的提高，氮保留、干物质以及粗蛋白的消化率呈线性增加（p = 0.05）。血液指标结果显示，在第II阶段，随着日粮中黄粉虫干体水平的增加，血尿素氮降低（线性，p = 0.05），胰岛素样生长因子增加（线性，p = 0.03）。然而，在生长试验中，添加黄粉虫干体对免疫球蛋白A（IgA）和IgG浓度没有显著影响。因此，在断奶仔猪日粮中添加高达6%的黄粉虫干体可提高生长性能和养分消化率，且对免疫反应无任何不良影响。
