J Acad Nutr Diet. 2018 Nov;118(11):2120-2127. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.05.026. Epub 2018 Aug 23.
Although the purpose of federal dietary guidance is to improve eating habits, few studies have described awareness of guidance and concurrent diet quality.
The objective of the current study was to examine the prevalence of individuals who reported hearing of dietary guidance icons and to describe the association between having heard of the icons and diet quality.
This study was a cross-sectional survey.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Participants (n=23,343) were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination-What We Eat in America survey 2005-2014 cycles.
Awareness of the Food Guide Pyramid, MyPyramid, or MyPlate icons by sociodemographic characteristics and diet quality were measured using Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores derived from 24-hour recall data.
Global Wald tests were used to test for differences in awareness of the icons within sociodemographic groups. Total HEI scores were calculated using the population-ratio method. Z-scores were used to test differences in HEI total scores between those with knowledge of the icons and those who responded negatively.
In all cycles, those with less than a high school diploma were the least likely to report having heard of the icons (P<0.001). In every wave except 2011 to 2012, participants with low or marginal food security status were less likely to report affirmatively (P<0.001), and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants and SNAP-eligible nonparticipants were least likely to report having heard of the icons (P<0.001) except for 2005 to 2006. HEI scores were higher among those who had heard of MyPyramid in 2007-2012 (P<0.05) and MyPlate in 2013-2014 (P<0.001) compared with those who had not heard of the icon.
Recognition of federal dietary guidance icons was associated with higher diet quality recently, but the cross-sectional nature of the data precludes conclusions of causality. Further research is needed to identify barriers and promoters for translating awareness of the federal dietary guidance icons into healthful food purchasing and food consumption decisions.
尽管联邦饮食指南的目的是改善饮食习惯，但很少有研究描述过对指南的了解程度以及同时与饮食质量的关系。
本研究旨在调查报告听说过饮食指南图标的个体的流行率，并描述听说过图标与饮食质量之间的关系。
这是一项横断面调查研究。
参与者/设置：参与者（n=23343）来自 2005-2014 年全国健康与营养调查-我们的饮食调查。
通过 24 小时回顾数据得出的健康饮食指数（HEI）得分，按社会人口特征和饮食质量衡量对食物金字塔、我的金字塔或我的餐盘图标的知晓情况。
采用总 Wald 检验测试图标在社会人口统计学组内的知晓差异。采用人群比值法计算总 HEI 得分。采用 Z 分数检验图标知晓者与否定回答者之间的 HEI 总分差异。
在所有周期中，未完成高中学业的人群报告听说过图标（P<0.001）的可能性最低。除了 2011 年至 2012 年，在每个波次中，低或边缘粮食安全状况的参与者不太可能肯定地报告（P<0.001），补充营养援助计划（SNAP）参与者和有资格获得 SNAP 的非参与者报告听说过图标的可能性最低（除了 2005 年至 2006 年），除了 2007-2012 年听说过我的金字塔（P<0.05）和 2013-2014 年听说过我的餐盘（P<0.001）的参与者外。
最近，对联邦饮食指南图标的认识与更高的饮食质量相关，但数据的横断面性质排除了因果关系的结论。需要进一步研究以确定将对联邦饮食指南图标的认识转化为健康食品购买和食品消费决策的障碍和促进因素。
