McPherson Sterling M, Burduli Ekaterina, Smith Crystal Lederhos, Brooks Olivia, Orr Michael F, Barbosa-Leiker Celestina, Hoekstra Trynke, McDonell Michael G, Murphy Sean M, Layton Matthew, Roll John M
Program of Excellence in Addictions Research, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, and Translational Addictions Research Center, Washington State University.
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth & Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2018 Dec;26(6):549-559. doi: 10.1037/pha0000203. Epub 2018 Aug 27.
Tobacco and alcohol are often used in tandem over time, but specific predictors of course and patterns of course over time need explication. We examined differences in alcohol and tobacco course among an adolescent population as they transitioned into young adulthood across a 17-year period. Data came from participants (n = 303 for ages 15-21, n = 196 for ages 21 to 32; 52% female and 54% female, respectively) enrolled in the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study, an epidemiologic investigation examining disease across the life span. We utilized parallel latent growth modeling to assess the impact of sex, personality traits, cholesterol, blood pressure, and body mass index (BMI), on initial status and linear change over time in course of tobacco and alcohol. Females reported less alcohol use at adolescent baseline (β = -21.79), less increase during adolescence (β = -7.92, p < .05), slower decrease during young adulthood (β = 4.67, p < .05), and more rapid decline in tobacco use during young adulthood (β = -70.85, p < .05), relative to males. Alcohol and tobacco use baseline status' and change over time were all significantly associated with one another during both adolescence and young adulthood (p < .05; aside from alcohol baseline and slope during young adulthood). Effects of BMI, cholesterol, blood pressure, and personality traits were also observed on tobacco and alcohol course. In light of the strong, but sex dependent relationship between alcohol and tobacco course, particularly from ages 15 to 21, prevention efforts to curb heavy alcohol and tobacco use should consider targeting course taking into account biological sex and other notable covariates. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
随着时间的推移，烟草和酒精常常被同时使用，但对于其发展过程及随时间变化模式的具体预测因素仍需阐释。我们研究了青少年群体在17年过渡到青年期过程中酒精和烟草使用情况的差异。数据来自参与阿姆斯特丹生长与健康纵向研究的参与者（15至21岁组n = 303，21至32岁组n = 196；女性分别占52%和54%），该研究是一项考察全生命周期疾病的流行病学调查。我们运用平行潜在增长模型来评估性别、人格特质、胆固醇、血压和体重指数（BMI）对烟草和酒精使用初始状态及随时间线性变化的影响。与男性相比，女性在青少年基线时报告的酒精使用量较少（β = -21.79），青春期增加量较少（β = -7.92，p < .05），青年期减少速度较慢（β = 4.67，p < .05），且青年期烟草使用量下降更快（β = -70.85，p < .05）。在青春期和青年期，酒精和烟草使用的基线状态及随时间的变化均显著相关（p < .05；青年期酒精基线和斜率除外）。BMI、胆固醇、血压和人格特质对烟草和酒精使用过程也有影响。鉴于酒精和烟草使用过程之间存在强烈但依赖性别的关系，尤其是在15至21岁之间，遏制大量酒精和烟草使用的预防措施应考虑针对生物学性别和其他显著协变量的使用过程。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2018美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
