Schlotterer Hannah R, Perrin Maryanne T
Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Greensboro , Greensboro, North Carolina.
Breastfeed Med. 2018 Sep;13(7):465-472. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2018.0135. Epub 2018 Aug 27.
Pasteurized donor human milk (PDHM) is the recommended feeding alternative for preterm infants when mother's own milk is not available. Use of PDHM in United States neonatal hospitals is increasing, although guidelines for the refrigerated and frozen storage are limited.
We aimed to review the current evidence for the storage of Holder PDHM (HPDHM) under refrigerated and frozen storage conditions.
A systematic review of the literature was conducted for studies published between 1985 and May 2018. Studies were included if they studied the storage of Holder-pasteurized human milk under refrigerated or frozen storage conditions.
Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Five studies addressed refrigerated storage and nine studies addressed frozen storage. There was little overlap in the outcomes measured or the analytical methods employed. There was concordance in three studies reporting no microbial growth over 4-9 days of refrigerated storage, and in five studies reporting a reduction in fat during 1-8 months of frozen storage. Only one study assessed the storage of HPDHM that had been fortified.
Long-term refrigerated and frozen storage of HPDHM affects some components in milk more than others. While there is evidence of microbial purity during four or more days of refrigerated storage in clinical conditions, there is limited research on the impact of macro and micronutrients, or the impact of fortifiers. More research is needed in these areas.
当无法获得母亲自己的母乳时，巴氏杀菌的捐赠人乳（PDHM）是推荐给早产儿的喂养替代品。在美国新生儿医院中，PDHM的使用正在增加，尽管关于冷藏和冷冻储存的指南有限。
我们旨在综述目前关于在冷藏和冷冻储存条件下储存霍尔德巴氏杀菌人乳（HPDHM）的证据。
对1985年至2018年5月发表的研究进行了系统的文献综述。如果研究了霍尔德巴氏杀菌人乳在冷藏或冷冻储存条件下的储存情况，则纳入这些研究。
14项研究符合纳入标准。5项研究涉及冷藏储存，9项研究涉及冷冻储存。所测量的结果或采用的分析方法几乎没有重叠。三项研究一致报告在冷藏4 - 9天内没有微生物生长，五项研究报告在冷冻1 - 8个月期间脂肪减少。只有一项研究评估了强化后的HPDHM的储存情况。
HPDHM的长期冷藏和冷冻储存对母乳中的某些成分影响大于其他成分。虽然有证据表明在临床条件下冷藏四天或更长时间内微生物纯净，但关于常量和微量营养素的影响或强化剂的影响的研究有限。这些领域需要更多的研究。
