Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, 1266 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, United States.
Brazos County Health Department, 201 North Texas Avenue, Bryan, TX 77803, United States.
Vaccine. 2018 Sep 25;36(40):6001-6006. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.08.030. Epub 2018 Aug 24.
Based on an increase in influenza cases in Brazos County, Texas, a Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) was conducted by the Brazos County Health Department (BCHD) and the Texas A&M School of Public Health's EpiAssist program. The goal of the CASPER was to supplement other data sources to assess vaccination rates and influenza prevalence in the community during a period of high influenza activity nationwide.
Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) CASPER toolkit, 30 census blocks in Brazos County were selected probability proportionate to population size. Seven interviews were attempted in each selected census block by an interview team. The survey contained 21 questions in 5 domains, including demographics, general infection control knowledge, prior infection with influenza, prior experience with influenza vaccine, and attitudes towards influenza vaccination. Survey results were entered into a database for the calculation of frequencies, crude odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Two-hundred and seven households completed the survey. Estimated vaccination rates in Brazos County adults were higher than Texas adults overall, but rates did not differ among children. Forty-two (20.4%) of respondents reported having influenza illness during the month of December 2017. Overall, respondents were knowledgeable of influenza transmission and prevention and reported few barriers and objections to the vaccine; however, some responses suggest misinformation that could be addressed through communication from local health departments exists. African American/Black respondents were less likely to receive a vaccine than respondents of other races, while individuals age 65 and over as well as those who believed the vaccine to be effective were more likely to be vaccinated.
CASPER should be considered a tool for assessing influenza vaccine and disease status of communities and has potential for providing information useful in the development of public health initiatives.
由于德克萨斯州布拉佐斯县流感病例的增加，布拉佐斯县卫生局（BCHD）和德克萨斯 A&M 公共卫生学校的 EpiAssist 项目进行了社区公共卫生应急响应评估（CASPER）。CASPER 的目标是补充其他数据源，以评估全国流感活动高峰期社区的疫苗接种率和流感流行率。
使用疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的 CASPER 工具包，按人口比例选择了布拉佐斯县的 30 个普查区。一个访谈小组在每个选定的普查区尝试进行 7 次访谈。该调查包含 5 个领域的 21 个问题，包括人口统计学、一般感染控制知识、既往流感感染、既往流感疫苗接种经验以及对流感疫苗接种的态度。调查结果输入数据库，用于计算频率、粗比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
207 户家庭完成了调查。布拉佐斯县成年人的估计疫苗接种率高于德克萨斯州成年人的总体水平，但儿童之间的接种率没有差异。42（20.4%）名受访者报告在 2017 年 12 月患有流感样疾病。总体而言，受访者对流感传播和预防有一定的了解，报告的疫苗接种障碍和反对意见很少；然而，一些回应表明存在可以通过当地卫生部门的沟通来解决的错误信息。非裔美国人/黑人受访者接种疫苗的可能性低于其他种族的受访者，而年龄在 65 岁及以上以及认为疫苗有效的人更有可能接种疫苗。
CASPER 应被视为评估社区流感疫苗接种和疾病状况的工具，具有提供有助于制定公共卫生计划的信息的潜力。
