Kaur Parmeet, Singh Narpinder, Pal Priyanka, Kaur Amritpal
Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 India.
J Food Sci Technol. 2018 Sep;55(9):3809-3820. doi: 10.1007/s13197-018-3361-1. Epub 2018 Aug 11.
This present study was aimed to evaluate proximate composition, antioxidant activity, amino and phenolic acids, protein profile and pasting characteristics of pigmented rice (PR) and non pigmented rice (NPR) landraces grown in Himalayan region. Higher antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, fat and protein content were observed for PR as compared to NPR. Histidine, iso-leucine, lysine, methionine, phenyl-alanine, valine and threonine were significantly higher for PR. Paste viscosities were higher for NPR (except IC568266) as compared to PR. IC568266 was observed to be waxy landrace. Higher free (gallic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, sinapic acid and luteolin) and bound phenolics (ferulic acid, -coumaric acid and quercetin) were observed in PR as compared to NPR. Majority of PR landraces showed higher accumulation of prolamines with low molecular weight polypeptides of 18, 20 and 29 kDa as compared to NPR. PR showed the higher essential amino acids, phenolic acids (-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and quercetin) and antioxidant activity with improved nutritional value and showed potential for developing nutraceutical and functional foods.
本研究旨在评估喜马拉雅地区种植的有色稻（PR）和无色稻（NPR）地方品种的近似成分、抗氧化活性、氨基酸和酚酸、蛋白质谱以及糊化特性。与NPR相比，PR具有更高的抗氧化活性、总酚含量、脂肪和蛋白质含量。PR中的组氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、缬氨酸和苏氨酸含量显著更高。与PR相比，NPR的糊化粘度更高（IC568266除外）。IC568266被观察为糯性地方品种。与NPR相比，PR中游离酚（没食子酸、儿茶素、咖啡酸、香草酸、芥子酸和木犀草素）和结合酚（阿魏酸、对香豆酸和槲皮素）含量更高。与NPR相比，大多数PR地方品种的醇溶蛋白积累量更高，且含有分子量为18、20和29 kDa的低分子量多肽。PR显示出更高的必需氨基酸、酚酸（对香豆酸、阿魏酸和槲皮素）和抗氧化活性，具有更高的营养价值，并且在开发营养保健品和功能性食品方面具有潜力。
