Ni Bing, Wang Xun
Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering , Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing , 100084 , China . Email:
Chem Sci. 2016 Jul 1;7(7):3978-3991. doi: 10.1039/c6sc00432f. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
Ultrathin materials at a sub-nanometer scale not only feature atomic scale size, but also possess unprecedented properties compared to conventional nanomaterials. The two aspects endow such materials with great potential. In sub-nanometric (SN) wires, the weak interactions may overwhelm the rigidity of inorganic compounds and dominate behaviours at this regime. Consequently intricate structures and polymer-like rheology can be obtained, shedding new light on chemistry as well as material design. As for 0D or 2D SN materials, clusters are analogous to molecules and SN sheets show unique electronic structures. Taking SN wire as an example, their growth mechanisms are discussed, as well as their applications and potentials. The chemistry at this regime can promote their application-oriented research, however, this is not yet well explored. In short, there is great potential at the sub-nanometer scale, although there are also many challenges ahead.
亚纳米尺度的超薄材料不仅具有原子尺度的尺寸，而且与传统纳米材料相比还具有前所未有的特性。这两个方面赋予了这类材料巨大的潜力。在亚纳米（SN）线中，弱相互作用可能会超过无机化合物的刚性，并在该尺度下主导其行为。因此，可以获得复杂的结构和类似聚合物的流变学特性，这为化学以及材料设计带来了新的启示。至于零维或二维的SN材料，团簇类似于分子，SN片材则显示出独特的电子结构。以SN线为例，讨论了它们的生长机制、应用和潜力。该尺度下的化学性质可以促进其面向应用的研究，然而，这方面尚未得到充分探索。简而言之，尽管前方也有许多挑战，但亚纳米尺度具有巨大的潜力。
