Nuzzi Raffaele, Marolo Paola, Tridico Federico
S.C.U. Ophthalmology Unit, "City of Health and Science" University Hospital, Via Cherasco 23, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126 Turin, Italy.
J Ophthalmol. 2018 Aug 1;2018:6482095. doi: 10.1155/2018/6482095. eCollection 2018.
The main treatment available for restoration of the corneal endothelium is keratoplasty and DMEK provides faster visual recovery and better postoperative visual acuity when compared to DSAEK. However, the technical challenges related to this technique and the steep technical learning curve seem to prevent the overcoming of DSAEK in favor of DMEK. Furthermore, the outcome of lamellar keratoplasty techniques is influenced by problems related to corneal grafting tissue availability, management, and quality. On the other hand, improvements in the field of cell engineering have opened the way for the use of stem cells-derived corneal endothelial cells with regenerative intent. In this overview, latest findings in endothelial cell engineering are reported, and perspectives of clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells for corneal endothelial replacement and regeneration are evaluated.
用于恢复角膜内皮的主要治疗方法是角膜移植术，与深板层角膜内皮移植术（DSAEK）相比，Descemet膜内皮角膜移植术（DMEK）能实现更快的视力恢复和更好的术后视力。然而，与该技术相关的技术挑战以及陡峭的技术学习曲线似乎阻碍了DSAEK被DMEK所取代。此外，板层角膜移植术的效果受到与角膜移植组织的可用性、管理和质量相关问题的影响。另一方面，细胞工程领域的进展为使用具有再生意图的干细胞衍生角膜内皮细胞开辟了道路。在本综述中，报告了内皮细胞工程的最新发现，并评估了间充质干细胞用于角膜内皮替代和再生的临床应用前景。
