Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY. Email:
Am J Manag Care. 2018 Aug;24(13 Suppl):S268-S272.
Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a 2-to-4-fold higher risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than adults without diabetes, according to the American Heart Association (AHA). Furthermore, the AHA deems diabetes to be "1 of the 7 major controllable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD)." Lack of glycemic control may lead to nerve and cardiac conduction impairments and CVD. However, glycemic control is not the only risk factor. Additional risk factors for CVD in T2D include hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, lack of physical activity, and smoking. Patients with T2D are also more likely to have risk factors that increase atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Control of these risk factors, as well as understanding the link between hyperglycemia and cardiovascular risk, is essential for the optimal management of T2D.
美国心脏协会（AHA）指出，相较于非糖尿病患者，2 型糖尿病（T2D）成年人罹患心血管疾病发病率和死亡率的风险要高出 2 至 4 倍。此外，AHA 认为糖尿病是“心血管疾病（CVD）的 7 个主要可控风险因素之一”。血糖控制不佳可能导致神经和心脏传导损伤以及心血管疾病。然而，血糖控制并不是唯一的风险因素。T2D 患者还存在其他 CVD 风险因素，包括高血压、血脂异常、肥胖、缺乏身体活动和吸烟。此外，T2D 患者更有可能存在增加动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）风险的因素，包括高血压、血脂异常和肥胖。控制这些风险因素，以及了解高血糖与心血管风险之间的联系，对于 T2D 的最佳管理至关重要。
