Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Health Administration and Policy, University of Maryland, Baltimore.
Department of Sociology, University of Kentucky, Lexington.
Gerontologist. 2019 Jul 16;59(4):718-726. doi: 10.1093/geront/gny106.
The encore years, or later life stages when adults enjoy health and free time, are the prime opportunity for leisure to maximize the overall quality of life. Physically active leisure is widely known to be linked to overall subjective well-being (SWB). However, experienced SWB or momentary emotion during active leisure as well as passive leisure has yet to be examined.
Data were derived from the 2012/2013 American Time Use Survey Well-being modules. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to identify comparable matched samples of older adults.
The PSM identified 211 older adults who reported a series of emotions (i.e., happy, meaningful, tired, sad, stressed, pain) during active leisure, and the comparable counterpart (n = 211) during passive leisure. Results from the Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests showed that active leisure was associated with greater levels of experienced happiness and meaningfulness, as well as with lower levels of sadness (p < .05).
Physically active leisure is linked to greater levels of experienced SWB among older adults. Although more detailed roles of active and passive leisure for experienced SWB are yet to be verified, choices that older adults make in their free time may significantly impact their experienced SWB and, in turn, their overall quality of life. Aging and public health policies should enhance accessibility to active leisure to promote older adults' SWB.
成年后享受健康和闲暇时光的时期，即“安享晚年”，是休闲最大化整体生活质量的黄金时期。众所周知，积极的休闲活动与整体主观幸福感（SWB）有关。然而，积极休闲活动中的体验式 SWB 或即时情绪，以及被动休闲活动，尚未得到检验。
数据来源于 2012/2013 年美国时间利用调查幸福模块。采用倾向评分匹配（PSM）来识别年龄较大的可比匹配样本。
PSM 确定了 211 名在积极休闲时报告一系列情绪（即快乐、有意义、疲倦、悲伤、压力、疼痛）的老年人，以及在被动休闲时的可比对照组（n = 211）。Wilcoxon 秩和检验结果表明，积极休闲与更高水平的体验幸福感和意义感相关，与悲伤感水平较低相关（p<.05）。
积极的休闲活动与老年人更高水平的体验式 SWB 有关。尽管积极和被动休闲对体验式 SWB 的更详细作用尚未得到验证，但老年人在闲暇时间做出的选择可能会对他们的体验式 SWB 产生重大影响，进而影响他们的整体生活质量。老龄化和公共卫生政策应增强积极休闲活动的可及性，以促进老年人的幸福感。
