Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
Department of Public Health School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
Eur J Neurol. 2019 Feb;26(2):238-245. doi: 10.1111/ene.13796. Epub 2018 Sep 24.
No prospective study has evaluated the impact of restless legs syndrome (RLS) on clinical factors in patients with migraine. We planned a prospective study to assess the impact of RLS comorbid status on clinical factors in patients with migraine.
A total of 101 patients with migraine who were evaluated for RLS twice at 7-year intervals in a university hospital setting were included in this study. The RLS group was defined as positive for RLS at either baseline or follow-up and the non-RLS group was defined as negative for RLS at both baseline and follow-up. The Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale were administered to all patients.
The RLS prevalence was 16.8% at baseline and 20.8% at follow-up. Compared with the non-RLS group (n = 27), the RLS group (n = 74) showed a significantly higher rate of smoking and higher MIDAS and BDI-II scores at 7-year follow-up. A significant reduction in MIDAS and BDI-II scores at 7-year follow-up compared with those at baseline was observed in the non-RLS group, but not in the RLS group. The non-RLS group showed a significantly lower MIDAS score at 7-year follow-up than the RLS group after adjusting for confounding variables such as age, gender, smoking status, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and PSQI scores using analysis of covariance. The persistent RLS group (n = 11) (positive for RLS at both baseline and follow-up) showed a significantly higher rate of smoking and increased MIDAS, BDI-II and PSQI scores compared with the non-RLS group (n = 74) at 7-year follow-up.
Our prospective study showed that RLS had a significant impact on headache-related disability in patients with migraine.
尚无前瞻性研究评估不安腿综合征（RLS）对偏头痛患者临床因素的影响。我们计划开展一项前瞻性研究，评估 RLS 共病状态对偏头痛患者临床因素的影响。
本研究共纳入 101 例在大学医院环境中接受两次 RLS 评估的偏头痛患者，两次评估时间间隔 7 年。RLS 组定义为基线或随访时 RLS 阳性，非 RLS 组定义为基线和随访时 RLS 均阴性。所有患者均接受偏头痛残疾评估（MIDAS）问卷、贝克抑郁量表-II（BDI-II）、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）和 Epworth 嗜睡量表评估。
基线时 RLS 患病率为 16.8%，随访时为 20.8%。与非 RLS 组（n=27）相比，RLS 组（n=74）吸烟率更高，MIDAS 和 BDI-II 评分在 7 年随访时更高。非 RLS 组 MIDAS 和 BDI-II 评分在 7 年随访时较基线显著下降，但 RLS 组无此变化。在调整混杂因素（如年龄、性别、吸烟状态、Epworth 嗜睡量表和 PSQI 评分）后，非 RLS 组在 7 年随访时的 MIDAS 评分显著低于 RLS 组。持续性 RLS 组（n=11）（基线和随访时 RLS 均阳性）与非 RLS 组（n=74）相比，在 7 年随访时吸烟率更高，MIDAS、BDI-II 和 PSQI 评分也更高。
我们的前瞻性研究表明，RLS 对偏头痛患者的头痛相关残疾有显著影响。
