Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Nutrition. 2019 Jan;57:173-182. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.05.023. Epub 2018 Jun 19.
In our previous study, we showed that among Japanese diets from different time periods, the 1975 Japanese diet has the greatest health benefits and is the most effective to prevent obesity. In addition, exercise is also effective to reduce obesity. Therefore, we conducted a human clinical trial combining the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise and, as a result, found a reduction in body weight, visceral fat, and serum lipids. However, the mechanism of this phenomenon was not determined. Therefore, in this study, we examined this mechanism in mice using a diet that was similar to that used in the human trial.
The modern and 1975 Japanese diets were cooked, lyophilized, powdered, and fed freely to 5 wk old male C57 BL/6 J mice for 8 wk. In addition, the mice exercised on a treadmill.
Total white adipose tissue weight decreased significantly due to the interaction between the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise. A histologic examination revealed that the hypertrophy of adipocytes was suppressed. To clarify this mechanism, the mRNA levels for lipid metabolism-related genes in epididymal adipose tissue were measured, and the mRNA level of hormone sensitive lipase (Hsl), which is related to lipolysis, was found to be significantly increased after intake of the 1975 Japanese diet combined with exercise. In the gut microbiota analysis, the Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio, which is decreased in obese people, was increased by the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise. At the genus level, there was an increase in butyrate-producing bacteria as a result of the 1975 Japanese diet intake and exercise.
A combination of the 1975 Japanese diet and exercise increased lipolysis in white adipose tissue and increased butyrate-producing bacteria in gut microbiota, and thereby suppressed fat accumulation.
在我们之前的研究中，我们表明在不同时期的日本饮食中，1975 年的日本饮食具有最大的健康益处，并且是预防肥胖最有效的方法。此外，运动也能有效减少肥胖。因此，我们结合 1975 年的日本饮食和运动进行了人体临床试验，结果发现体重、内脏脂肪和血清脂质减少。然而，这种现象的机制尚未确定。因此，在这项研究中，我们使用类似于人体试验的饮食，在小鼠中研究了这种机制。
将现代和 1975 年的日本饮食煮熟、冻干、磨成粉，并自由喂食给 5 周龄雄性 C57BL/6J 小鼠 8 周。此外，让小鼠在跑步机上运动。
由于 1975 年的日本饮食和运动的相互作用，总白色脂肪组织重量显著减少。组织学检查显示脂肪细胞肥大受到抑制。为了阐明这一机制，测量了附睾脂肪组织中与脂质代谢相关基因的 mRNA 水平，发现摄入 1975 年的日本饮食与运动相结合后，激素敏感脂肪酶（Hsl）的 mRNA 水平显著增加，Hsl 与脂肪分解有关。在肠道微生物组分析中，肥胖人群中减少的拟杆菌门到厚壁菌门的比例因 1975 年的日本饮食和运动而增加。在属水平上，由于摄入 1975 年的日本饮食和运动，丁酸产生菌的数量增加。
1975 年的日本饮食和运动的结合增加了白色脂肪组织中的脂肪分解，并增加了肠道微生物组中的丁酸产生菌，从而抑制了脂肪堆积。
