Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
J Adolesc Health. 2018 Nov;63(5):628-635. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.05.030. Epub 2018 Aug 29.
To estimate associations between physical activity (PA) and a broad range of lifetime mental disorders among adolescents, and to evaluate whether the context of sports participation impacts these associations.
The sample included 6,483 13-18 year-olds from the National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement. Adolescents completed face-to-face psychiatric interviews and a parent provided diagnostic and other family-level information on the participating adolescent by completing a self-administered questionnaire. PA was measured by adolescent self-report and dichotomized to indicate vigorous exercise several times a week. Nineteen psychiatric disorders were assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate associations of PA with mental disorders, suicidality, and psychological distress.
Two thirds of adolescents reported being physically active. Active adolescents had significantly lower odds of mood disorder (Odds ratio[OR] = .74, 95% confidence interval [CI]=.58-.94), bipolar II disorder (OR = .54, 95% CI=.30-.99), and general psychological distress (OR = .71, 95% CI=.52-.96) than less/inactive adolescents. In contrast, adolescents who engaged in PA were more likely to have lifetime alcohol use disorder (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.11-2.85), bulimia (OR = 5.84, 95% CI = 2.48-13.79), generalized anxiety disorder (OR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.16-3.58), and posttraumatic stress disorder (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.07-2.55). The direct associations between PA and alcohol use disorder and bulimia appeared to be specific to adolescents who participated in organized sports.
Associations between PA and lifetime mental disorder among adolescents may differ according to both disorder type and the context in which PA occurs. Longitudinal studies that assess the context of PA may be able to explain apparent discrepant associations between PA and mental disorder.
评估青少年体育活动（PA）与广泛的终身精神障碍之间的关联，并评估体育参与的环境是否会影响这些关联。
该样本包括来自国家共病调查青少年补充调查的 6483 名 13-18 岁的青少年。青少年完成了面对面的精神病学访谈，父母通过完成自我管理问卷为参加的青少年提供诊断和其他家庭信息。PA 通过青少年自我报告进行衡量，并分为每周进行几次剧烈运动。使用《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》标准评估了 19 种精神障碍。使用多项逻辑回归分析来估计 PA 与精神障碍、自杀意念和心理困扰的关联。
三分之二的青少年报告自己有体育活动。活跃的青少年患心境障碍（优势比[OR] =.74，95%置信区间 [CI]=.58-.94）、双相情感障碍 II 型（OR=0.54，95%CI=.30-.99）和一般心理困扰（OR=0.71，95%CI=.52-.96）的可能性显著低于不活跃的青少年。相比之下，参加 PA 的青少年更有可能患有终生酒精使用障碍（OR=1.78，95%CI=1.11-2.85）、贪食症（OR=5.84，95%CI=2.48-13.79）、广泛性焦虑症（OR=2.04，95%CI=1.16-3.58）和创伤后应激障碍（OR=1.65，95%CI=1.07-2.55）。PA 与酒精使用障碍和贪食症之间的直接关联似乎仅限于参加有组织运动的青少年。
青少年体育活动与终身精神障碍之间的关联可能因障碍类型和体育活动发生的环境而异。评估 PA 环境的纵向研究可能能够解释 PA 与精神障碍之间明显不一致的关联。
