Tempel Tobias, Kaufmann Katrin, Kranz Johanna, Möller Andrea
Ludwigsburg University of Education, Reutealle 46, 71634, Ludwigsburg, Germany.
University of Trier, Trier, Germany.
Psychol Res. 2020 Apr;84(3):660-666. doi: 10.1007/s00426-018-1088-2. Epub 2018 Aug 31.
We investigated whether retrieval-based learning can facilitate the acquisition of cognitive skills, focusing on the control-of-variables strategy. This core scientific experimentation skill is regularly taught in science education classes because understanding it is essential for understanding experimental investigations in science. In the present study, participants initially read a text explaining the control-of-variables strategy. We compared the effects of subsequent retrieval practice and restudy of the text in performing a transfer test requiring the application of the control-of-variables strategy by judging the validity of a number of experimental designs. In addition, recall of the initially studied text was assessed as well. Repeated retrieval practice in combination with restudy opportunities resulted in better performance in both the transfer test and the recall test as compared to mere restudy or a single study opportunity. These findings demonstrate that retrieval practice is a useful tool for promoting deep conceptual learning.
我们研究了基于检索的学习是否能促进认知技能的习得，重点关注变量控制策略。这项核心科学实验技能在科学教育课程中经常被教授，因为理解它对于理解科学实验研究至关重要。在本研究中，参与者最初阅读了一篇解释变量控制策略的文本。我们比较了随后对文本进行检索练习和重新学习在执行一项迁移测试中的效果，该迁移测试要求通过判断一些实验设计的有效性来应用变量控制策略。此外，还评估了对最初学习文本的回忆情况。与单纯的重新学习或单次学习机会相比，重复的检索练习与重新学习机会相结合，在迁移测试和回忆测试中都取得了更好的成绩。这些发现表明，检索练习是促进深度概念学习的有用工具。
