Department of Allergy and Immunology, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, 701 E El Camino Real, Mountain View, CA, 94040, USA.
Department of Behavioral Health, Santa Clara Valley Health and Hospital System, 2101 Alexian Drive, Suite D, San Jose, CA, 95116, USA.
Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2019 Aug;57(1):74-82. doi: 10.1007/s12016-018-8708-x.
Over the past few years, the rates of food allergies have dramatically increased. As a result, the lives of patients and their caregivers have been dramatically altered. While most attention surrounding food allergies has focused on treatment, less consideration has been given to the mental health ramifications of living with this condition, among them depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, being bullied, and an overall poorer quality of life. At the same time, patients' family lives are often disrupted. Parents of food-allergic children, especially mothers, report anxiety, depression, and a decreased quality of life. Indeed, mental health issues associated with food allergies are likely underrecognized. In this review, we describe not only the psychosocial impacts of food allergies but also survey treatments that can be used to address this burgeoning problem. Interventions include educating members of the greater community about food allergies, camps for food allergic children, and support groups for parents. For physicians, treatment options consist of oral challenges, proximity challenges, oral immunotherapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Although the existing research is built on an already strong foundation, ultimately more studies are needed to deepen our understanding of the relationship between food allergies and mental health.
在过去的几年中，食物过敏的发病率急剧上升。因此，患者及其护理人员的生活发生了巨大变化。尽管大多数关于食物过敏的关注都集中在治疗上，但对于这种疾病对心理健康的影响，包括抑郁、焦虑、创伤后应激、被欺凌和整体生活质量下降等方面，考虑得较少。与此同时，患者的家庭生活也经常受到干扰。食物过敏儿童的父母，尤其是母亲，会出现焦虑、抑郁和生活质量下降等问题。事实上，与食物过敏相关的心理健康问题可能未被充分认识。在这篇综述中，我们不仅描述了食物过敏的社会心理影响，还调查了可用于解决这一日益严重问题的治疗方法。干预措施包括向更广泛的社区成员教育有关食物过敏的知识、为食物过敏儿童设立营地以及为父母设立支持小组。对于医生来说，治疗选择包括口服挑战、近距离挑战、口服免疫疗法和认知行为疗法。尽管现有研究已经建立在坚实的基础上，但最终仍需要更多的研究来加深我们对食物过敏与心理健康之间关系的理解。
