Nishida Noriko, Maeda Yuki, Okafuji Ikuo, Ueki Shingo
School of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Osaka Aoyama University, 2-11-1 Niina, Minoh 562-8580, Osaka, Japan.
Division of Nursing, School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Gifu, Japan.
Children (Basel). 2025 Aug 11;12(8):1053. doi: 10.3390/children12081053.
: School-age children with food allergies (FAs) face substantial psychosocial challenges. Herein, we aimed to synthesize the experiences of such children. : A systematic review of qualitative studies was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022359854). A systematic search was conducted of eight databases. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The data were synthesized through meta-aggregation, and the confidence in the findings was assessed using the ConQual approach. : Seventy-three unequivocal findings were extracted and synthesized into three integrated findings. (1) Children with FAs live with daily fear, social restrictions, and emotional stress. To ensure their safety and foster self-management skills, the trusted adults in their lives must be well-informed about allergy management. (2) Children with FAs experience isolation, teasing, and exclusion from peers, whereas peer communication can foster understanding and acceptance. To address this, schools must promote peer empathy, provide allergy education, and build inclusive environments that empower children to express their needs safely. (3) Motivated by curiosity and personal goals, some children engage in oral immunotherapy or allergen reintroduction, leading to meaningful outcomes, such as increased food choices, social inclusion, and reduced anxiety. At the same time, they face emotional and physical burdens, highlighting the need for safety-focused, informed, supported care that considers both the benefits and burdens. : This review highlights the need for child-centered, emotionally supportive, and inclusive care involving families, schools, and healthcare providers. However, the moderate ConQual score of the synthesized findings indicates that the recommendations should be considered with caution.
患有食物过敏（FA）的学龄儿童面临着重大的社会心理挑战。在此，我们旨在综合此类儿童的经历。
使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的方法对定性研究进行了系统综述。该方案已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO，注册号：CRD42022359854）中注册。对八个数据库进行了系统检索。十三项研究符合纳入标准。通过元聚合对数据进行综合，并使用ConQual方法评估研究结果的可信度。
提取了73项明确的研究结果并综合为三项综合研究结果。（1）患有食物过敏的儿童每天生活在恐惧、社交限制和情绪压力之中。为确保他们的安全并培养自我管理技能，他们生活中值得信赖的成年人必须充分了解过敏管理知识。（2）患有食物过敏的儿童会经历孤立、被取笑和被同龄人排斥的情况，而同龄人之间的交流可以促进理解和接纳。为解决这一问题，学校必须促进同龄人之间的同理心，提供过敏教育，并营造包容的环境，使孩子们能够安全地表达自己的需求。（3）出于好奇心和个人目标，一些儿童参与口服免疫疗法或重新引入过敏原，从而产生了有意义的结果，如食物选择增加、社会融入和焦虑减轻。与此同时，他们面临着情感和身体上的负担，这突出表明需要提供以安全为重点、信息充分且得到支持的护理，同时兼顾益处和负担。
本综述强调了需要以儿童为中心、提供情感支持且具有包容性的护理，涉及家庭、学校和医疗保健提供者。然而，综合研究结果的ConQual评分中等，这表明这些建议应谨慎考虑。
