Ayadi Noah, Dörr Jan, Motamedi Seyedamirhosein, Gawlik Kay, Bellmann-Strobl Judith, Mikolajczak Janine, Brandt Alexander U, Zimmermann Hanna, Paul Friedemann
Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (N.A., J.D., S.M., K.G., J.B.-S., J.M., A.U.B., H.Z., F.P.), Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center; Neurology Department (J.D.), Multiple Sclerosis Center, Oberhavel Clinic, Henningsdorf; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (J.B.-S., F.P.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; and Department of Neurology (F.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany.
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2018 Aug 14;5(5):e492. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000492. eCollection 2018 Sep.
To examine temporal visual resolution assessed as critical flicker frequency (CFF) in patients with MS and to investigate associations with visual system damage and general disability and cognitive function.
Thirty-nine patients with MS and 31 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study and underwent CFF testing, high- and low-contrast visual acuity, alertness and information processing speed using the paced auditory serial addition task (PASAT), and retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT). In patients with MS, visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores were assessed.
CFF in patients with MS (mean ± SD: 40.9 ± 4.4 Hz) was lower than in HCs (44.8 ± 4.4 Hz, < 0.001). There was no significant CFF difference between eyes with and without previous optic neuritis (ON). CFF was not associated with visual acuity, VEP latency, the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and the combined ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer volume. Instead, reduced CFF was associated with worse EDSS scores (r = 0.26, < 0.001) and alertness (r = 0.42, = 0.00042) but not with PASAT ( = 0.33).
CFF reduction in MS occurs independently of ON and structural visual system damage. Its association with the EDSS score and alertness suggests that CFF reflects global disease processes and higher cortical processing rather than focal optic nerve or retinal damage.
评估多发性硬化症（MS）患者的时间视觉分辨率，以临界闪烁频率（CFF）作为指标，并研究其与视觉系统损伤、总体残疾及认知功能之间的关联。
39例MS患者和31名健康对照者（HCs）纳入本横断面研究，接受CFF测试、高对比度和低对比度视力测试、使用听觉序列加法任务（PASAT）评估警觉性和信息处理速度，以及视网膜光学相干断层扫描（OCT）。对MS患者评估视觉诱发电位（VEP）和扩展残疾状态量表（EDSS）评分。
MS患者的CFF（均值±标准差：40.9±4.4Hz）低于HCs（44.8±4.4Hz，P<0.001）。既往有视神经炎（ON）和无ON的眼睛之间CFF无显著差异。CFF与视力、VEP潜伏期、视乳头周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度以及神经节细胞和内丛状层体积总和均无关联。相反，CFF降低与较差的EDSS评分（r=0.26，P<0.001）和警觉性（r=0.42，P=0.00042）相关，但与PASAT无关（P=0.33）。
MS患者的CFF降低独立于ON和视觉系统结构损伤发生。其与EDSS评分和警觉性的关联表明，CFF反映的是整体疾病进程和高级皮质处理功能，而非局灶性视神经或视网膜损伤。
