School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 874501, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS and Paul Sabatier University, Moulis 09200, France.
Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS and Paul Sabatier University, Moulis 09200, France.
J Theor Biol. 2018 Nov 14;457:199-210. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.08.041. Epub 2018 Sep 1.
The concept of the Anthropocene is based on the idea that human impacts are now the primary drivers of changes in the earth's systems, including ecological systems. In many cases, the behavior that causes ecosystem change is itself triggered by ecological factors. Yet most ecological models still treat human impacts as given, and frequently as constant. This undermines our ability to understand the feedbacks between human behavior and ecosystem change. Focusing on the problem of species dispersal, we evaluate the effect of dispersal on biodiversity in a system subject to predation by humans. People are assumed to obtain benefits from (a) the direct consumption of species (provisioning services), (b) the non-consumptive use of species (cultural services), and (c) the buffering effects of the mix of species (regulating services). We find that the effects of dispersal on biodiversity depend jointly on the competitive interactions among species, and on human preferences over species and the services they provide. We find that while biodiversity may be greatest at intermediate levels of dispersal, this depends on structure of preferences across the metacommunity.
人类世的概念基于这样一种观点，即人类的影响现在是地球系统变化的主要驱动因素，包括生态系统。在许多情况下，导致生态系统变化的行为本身是由生态因素引发的。然而，大多数生态模型仍然将人类的影响视为既定的，而且常常是不变的。这削弱了我们理解人类行为与生态系统变化之间反馈的能力。我们关注物种扩散的问题，评估在人类捕食的系统中扩散对生物多样性的影响。人们被认为从以下方面获得收益：(a) 物种的直接消费（供应服务），(b) 对物种的非消费性利用（文化服务），以及 (c) 物种混合的缓冲效应（调节服务）。我们发现，扩散对生物多样性的影响取决于物种之间的竞争相互作用，以及人类对物种及其提供的服务的偏好。我们发现，虽然在中等扩散水平下生物多样性可能最大，但这取决于整个集合群落中偏好的结构。
