Chau Bolton K H, Jarvis Huw, Law Chun-Kit, Chong Trevor T-J
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences.
University Research Facility in behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Behav Pharmacol. 2018 Oct;29(7):569-583. doi: 10.1097/FBP.0000000000000424.
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a heterogeneous area that is critical to reward-based decision-making. In particular, the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, ventromedial PFC and orbitofrontal cortex are frequently implicated in different aspects of choice behaviour. These regions receive projections from midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons and, in turn, project to other key dopaminergic regions such as the striatum. However, our current understanding of the role of DA in reward-based processes is based mainly on studies of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and striatal DA release from nonhuman animal models. An important gap in the literature surrounds the precise functions of DA release in the PFC, particularly in humans. A priority for future research will be to integrate, both computationally and biologically, the seemingly disparate value representations across different nodes within the reward-processing network. Such models should aim to define the functional interactions between the PFC and basal ganglia, through which dopaminergic neurotransmission guides reward-based behaviour.
前额叶皮质（PFC）是一个异质性区域，对基于奖励的决策至关重要。特别是，背侧前扣带回皮质、腹内侧前额叶皮质和眶额皮质经常与选择行为的不同方面有关。这些区域接收来自中脑多巴胺（DA）神经元的投射，进而投射到其他关键的多巴胺能区域，如纹状体。然而，我们目前对多巴胺在基于奖励的过程中的作用的理解主要基于对非人类动物模型的中脑多巴胺能神经元和纹状体多巴胺释放的研究。文献中一个重要的空白围绕着前额叶皮质中多巴胺释放的精确功能，特别是在人类中。未来研究的一个优先事项将是在计算和生物学上整合奖励处理网络中不同节点之间看似不同的值表示。这样的模型应该旨在定义前额叶皮质和基底神经节之间的功能相互作用，通过这种相互作用，多巴胺能神经传递指导基于奖励的行为。
