Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Drug Dev Res. 2018 Aug;79(5):201-217. doi: 10.1002/ddr.21452.
Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been widely investigated as a unique pharmaceutical excipient for past few decades and is still explored for new applications. They are highly versatile oligosaccharides which possess multifunctional characteristics, and are mainly used to improve the physicochemical stability, solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability of drugs. Stability constant, factors affecting complexation, techniques to enhance complexation efficiency, the preparation methods for molecular inclusion complexes and release of guest molecules are discussed in brief. In addition, different CD derivatives and their pharmacokinetics are elaborated. Further, the significance of CD complex in aqueous solubility, dissolution and bioavailability, stability, and taste masking is explained. The recent advancement of CDs in developing various drug delivery systems is enlightened. Indeed, the potential of CDs by means of inclusion complex formation have widen the applicability of these materials in various drug delivery systems including ocular, osmotic, mucoadhesive, transdermal, nasal, and targeted delivery systems. Feasibility studies have been performed on the benefit of these cyclic oligomers as nanocarriers, a strategy that can modify the drugs with improved physicochemical properties. Studies also demonstrated the feasibility of CDs to self-assemble in the form of stable nanoaggregates, which may extend the scope of CDs in drug delivery to the continually expanding list of new drug entities.
环糊精（CDs）作为一种独特的药物赋形剂，在过去几十年中得到了广泛的研究，并且仍在探索新的应用。它们是高度多功能的低聚糖，具有多功能特性，主要用于提高药物的物理化学稳定性、溶解度、溶出率和生物利用度。简要讨论了稳定常数、影响络合的因素、提高络合效率的技术、分子包合物的制备方法和客体分子的释放。此外，还阐述了不同的 CD 衍生物及其药代动力学。此外，还解释了 CD 配合物在水溶解度、溶解和生物利用度、稳定性和掩味方面的重要性。本文阐述了 CD 在开发各种药物传递系统方面的最新进展。事实上，通过包合形成 CD 的潜力拓宽了这些材料在各种药物传递系统中的应用，包括眼部、渗透、黏膜黏附、透皮、鼻内和靶向传递系统。已经对这些环状低聚物作为纳米载体的益处进行了可行性研究，这一策略可以改善药物的物理化学性质。研究还表明，CD 可以自组装成稳定的纳米聚集体，这可能将 CD 在药物传递中的应用范围扩展到不断增加的新药实体列表。
