Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Regensburg, Germany.
Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Regensburg, Germany; Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg and University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018 Sep;142(3):728-743. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.07.014.
During the last decade, advances in sequencing technologies allowed production of a wealth of information on epigenetic modifications in T cells. Epigenome maps, in combination with mechanistic studies, have demonstrated that T cells undergo extensive epigenome remodeling in response to signals, which has a strong effect on phenotypic stability and function of lymphocytes. In this review we focus on DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin structure as important epigenetic mechanisms involved in controlling T-cell responses. In particular, we discuss epigenetic processes in light of the development, activation, and differentiation of CD4 T helper (T), regulatory T, and CD8 T cells. As central aspects of the adaptive immune system, we review mechanisms that ensure molecular memory, stability, plasticity, and exhaustion of T cells. We further discuss the effect of the tissue environment on imprinting T-cell epigenomes with potential implications for immunotherapy.
在过去的十年中，测序技术的进步使得大量有关 T 细胞表观遗传修饰的信息得以产生。表观基因组图谱与机制研究相结合，已经证明 T 细胞在响应信号时会经历广泛的表观基因组重塑，这对淋巴细胞的表型稳定性和功能有很大影响。在这篇综述中，我们专注于 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和染色质结构作为控制 T 细胞反应的重要表观遗传机制。特别是，我们根据 CD4 T 辅助（T）、调节性 T 和 CD8 T 细胞的发育、激活和分化来讨论表观遗传过程。作为适应性免疫系统的核心方面，我们综述了确保 T 细胞分子记忆、稳定性、可塑性和衰竭的机制。我们进一步讨论了组织环境对 T 细胞表观基因组印记的影响，这可能对免疫治疗有影响。
