College of Geosciences and Survey Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China.
College of Geosciences and Survey Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2018 Sep;71:45-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.04.011. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
Coal combustion in the domestic stoves, which is common in most parts of the Chinese countryside, can release harmful substances into the air and cause health issues. In this study, particles emitted from laboratory stove combustion of the raw powder coals were analyzed for morphologies and chemical compositions by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX). The coal burning-derived individual particles were classified into two groups: carbonaceous particles (including soot aggregates and organic particles) and non-carbonaceous particles (including sulfate, mineral and metal particles). The non-carbonaceous particles, which constituted a majority of the coal burning-derived emissions, were subdivided into Si-rich, S-rich, K-rich, Ca-rich, and Fe-rich particles according to the elemental compositions. The Si-rich, S-rich and K-rich particles are commonly observed in the coal burning emission. The proportions for particles of different types exhibit obvious coal-issue dependence. Burning of coal with high ash yield could emit more non-carbonaceous particles, and burning of coal with high sulfur content can emit more S-rich particles. By comparing the S-rich particles from this coal burning experiment with those in the atmosphere, we draw a conclusion that some S-rich particles in the atmosphere in China could be mainly sourced from coal combustion.
在中国农村的大部分地区，家用炉灶燃烧煤炭的现象十分普遍，这会将有害物质排放到空气中，引发健康问题。在这项研究中，通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）结合能量色散 X 射线光谱（EDX）分析了实验室炉燃烧原煤产生的颗粒的形貌和化学成分。将源自煤炭燃烧的单个颗粒分为两组：碳质颗粒（包括烟尘聚集体和有机颗粒）和非碳质颗粒（包括硫酸盐、矿物质和金属颗粒）。非碳质颗粒在煤炭燃烧排放物中占大多数，根据元素组成进一步细分为富含 Si、S、K、Ca 和 Fe 的颗粒。富含 Si、S 和 K 的颗粒在煤炭燃烧排放中很常见。不同类型颗粒的比例明显取决于煤炭种类。高灰分煤的燃烧会排放出更多的非碳质颗粒，而高硫分煤的燃烧会排放出更多的富含 S 的颗粒。通过将本次煤炭燃烧实验产生的富含 S 的颗粒与大气中的颗粒进行比较，我们得出结论，中国大气中的一些富含 S 的颗粒主要来自煤炭燃烧。
