Zhang Yi-Chen, Xue Chen-Li, Liu Jie, Zhong Lian-Hong, Xue Yi-Feng
College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Oct 8;41(10):4462-4469. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202002188.
To explore the difference in the emission of air pollutants from coal stoves, five new and common residential coal stoves (square briquette, baffled heat exchange, heating and cooking integrated gasification positive burning, and gasification reverse burning stove) were selected. The emission level of major air pollutants was determined using simulated combustion in the laboratory for quantitatively evaluating the environmental effects of different coal stoves. Moreover, the factors and reasons for the differences were identified, and suggestions for the reduction of emission were proposed. The results showed that: ① the emissions of air pollutants from different coal stoves were significantly different; the heating and cooking integrated stove had the largest emission intensity (2.9 kg ·t) of air pollutants (SO, NO, and TSP), which was 1.6 times of the average value, and the square briquette stove had the lowest emission level, which was 65% of the average value. ② The emissions of gaseous pollutants from the coal stoves in different combustion stages also showed evident differences. In the high-fire stage, the NO emission concentration of the square briquette stove was 0.49 mg ·m, which was 45%-72% lower than that of the other stoves; the SO emission concentration of the gasification reverse burning stove was 1.38 mg ·m, which was 28% lower than that of the other stoves. ③ The application technology and combustion type were the main factors affecting the emission levels of the coal stoves. The stove with square briquette technology and gasification reverse burning technology could have great environmental benefit. However, the cost of the two stoves was 20 and 18 thousand yuan, respectively, which was clearly higher than that of the other types of stoves. ④ Considering the difference in the emission of air pollutants from the different stoves, it was suggested to adopt differentiated economic policy and strict emission and product standards, promoting the use of energy-saving and environment-friendly coal stoves to reduce the emission of air pollutants from coal-fired stoves.
为探究煤炉空气污染物排放差异，选取了5种新型及常用家用煤炉（方型煤炉、带挡板热交换煤炉、供热炊事一体化气化正烧炉、气化反烧炉）。通过实验室模拟燃烧测定主要空气污染物排放水平，以定量评估不同煤炉的环境影响。此外，识别了差异的影响因素及原因，并提出了减排建议。结果表明：①不同煤炉的空气污染物排放存在显著差异；供热炊事一体化炉的空气污染物（SO、NO和TSP）排放强度最大（2.9 kg·t），是平均值的1.6倍，方型煤炉排放水平最低，为平均值的65%。②不同燃烧阶段煤炉的气态污染物排放也存在明显差异。在高火阶段，方型煤炉的NO排放浓度为0.49 mg·m，比其他炉型低45% - 72%；气化反烧炉的SO排放浓度为1.38 mg·m，比其他炉型低28%。③应用技术和燃烧方式是影响煤炉排放水平的主要因素。方型煤技术和气化反烧技术的煤炉具有较大环境效益。然而，这两种煤炉成本分别为2万和1.8万元，明显高于其他类型煤炉。④考虑到不同煤炉空气污染物排放差异，建议采取差异化经济政策及严格的排放和产品标准，推广使用节能环保煤炉以减少燃煤炉灶的空气污染物排放。
