Soo Hoo Jennifer A, Latzka Erek, Harrast Mark A
Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 E. 68th St, Baker 16, New York, NY 10065.
University of Washington, Seattle WA.
PM R. 2018 Sep 7. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2018.08.386.
Adaptive sports programs are increasing across the country and there is a paucity of research investigating the epidemiology and sports injury risk factors in non-elite athletes.
To assess the demographics, training regime, and injuries incurred by adaptive athletes participating in local adaptive sports clubs and to assess the athletes' type of medical care and prevalence of those with spasticity.
Descriptive cross-sectional study.
Local area adaptive sports teams and programs.
Sixty-one athletes participating in wheelchair basketball, wheelchair rugby, sled hockey, and adaptive rowing were surveyed, with a response rate of 70.5%.
Completion of self-report survey.
Report of injury prevalence, injury characteristics, type of medical care, and assessment of frequency and severity of spasticity using the Penn Spasm Frequency Scale.
Most athletes (86%) trained or competed in their main sport 9-12 months per year. Most athletes (79.1%) trained at least 4 hours per week. In the past 12 months, 39.5% of athletes surveyed sustained an injury that required them to miss practice or a competition, with 58.8% of these athletes having sustained a significant injury. Many of those injured (64.7%) had never participated in an injury prevention or conditioning program. Injury prevalence by sport was 42.9% in wheelchair rugby, 60% in sled hockey, 44% wheelchair basketball, and 0% in adaptive rowing. The most commonly injured body parts were the shoulder (52.9%) and wrist (52.9%).
This study shows that non-elite adaptive sports athletes sustain similar types of injuries as noted in published reports of elite athletes but could be provided with less injury prevention education and access to medical care. This area will require future study, especially investigating injury risk factors within specific sports and diagnoses.
III.
适应性体育项目在全国范围内不断增加，但针对非精英运动员的流行病学和运动损伤危险因素的研究却很少。
评估参加当地适应性体育俱乐部的适应性运动员的人口统计学特征、训练方式和所受损伤，并评估运动员的医疗护理类型以及痉挛患者的患病率。
描述性横断面研究。
当地适应性运动队和项目。
对61名参加轮椅篮球、轮椅橄榄球、雪橇曲棍球和适应性划船的运动员进行了调查，回复率为70.5%。
完成自我报告调查。
报告损伤患病率、损伤特征、医疗护理类型，并使用宾夕法尼亚痉挛频率量表评估痉挛的频率和严重程度。
大多数运动员（86%）每年在其主要运动项目中训练或比赛9至12个月。大多数运动员（79.1%）每周至少训练4小时。在过去12个月中，39.5%的受访运动员受伤，导致他们错过训练或比赛，其中58.8%的运动员受了重伤。许多受伤者（64.7%）从未参加过 injury prevention 或体能训练项目。按运动项目划分的损伤患病率在轮椅橄榄球中为42.9%，在雪橇曲棍球中为60%，在轮椅篮球中为44%，在适应性划船中为0%。最常受伤的身体部位是肩部（52.9%）和手腕（52.9%）。
本研究表明，非精英适应性运动运动员遭受的损伤类型与已发表的精英运动员报告中所指出的相似，但可能接受的 injury prevention 教育较少，获得医疗护理的机会也较少。这一领域需要未来的研究，特别是调查特定运动项目中的损伤危险因素和诊断情况。
III。
