Goñi-Balentziaga Olatz, Perez-Tejada Joana, Renteria-Dominguez Aitor, Lebeña Andrea, Labaka Ainitze
Department of Basic Psychological Processes and their Development, University of The Basque Country, 70 Tolosa Av, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain.
Physiol Behav. 2018 Nov 1;196:190-199. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.09.001. Epub 2018 Sep 6.
The risk of developing stress related disorders such as depression is two times higher in women than in men, and social stress is considered the principal etiology for this disorder. Social defeat animal model is the most common procedure to induce social stress in male rodents, but the stressful stimulus and the stress response can be different for each sex. In this regard, social defeat stress model does not fit the social nature of females, and according to the emerging evidence, the social instability stress (SIS) model could be a suitable procedure to investigate this stress related disorder in females. This study aims to systematically review the effects of SIS on physiological and behavioral parameters involved in the pathophysiology of depression, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method on PubMed, Medline and Web of Science. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. The reported physiological measures comprised the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, neurotrophic factors, immune and monoaminergic systems, vasopressin and oxytocin receptors, sex hormone levels and estrus cycle, while main behavioral measures involved sucrose preference test, forced swimming test, elevated plus maze, open field test and social interaction. This systematic review revealed a wide variability on the social instability regimen and on the measured variables. However, all studies agree that SIS model can elicit behavioral and physiological alteration involved in stress related disorders, with HPA axis hyperactivity, increased anxiety-like behavior and disrupted reward system being the most repeated outcomes. A unified SIS application criterion is required in order to obtain consistent data and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of anxiety and depression in females.
女性患抑郁症等与压力相关疾病的风险是男性的两倍，社会压力被认为是这种疾病的主要病因。社会挫败动物模型是在雄性啮齿动物中诱导社会压力最常用的方法，但应激刺激和应激反应在不同性别中可能有所不同。在这方面，社会挫败应激模型不符合雌性动物的社会特性，根据新出现的证据，社会不稳定应激（SIS）模型可能是研究雌性动物这种与压力相关疾病的合适方法。本研究旨在按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）方法，在PubMed、Medline和Web of Science上系统评价SIS对抑郁症病理生理学中涉及的生理和行为参数的影响。17项研究符合纳入标准。报告的生理指标包括下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴活性、神经营养因子、免疫和单胺能系统、血管加压素和催产素受体、性激素水平和发情周期，而主要行为指标包括蔗糖偏好试验、强迫游泳试验、高架十字迷宫试验、旷场试验和社会互动试验。该系统评价揭示了社会不稳定方案和测量变量存在很大差异。然而，所有研究都一致认为，SIS模型可引发与压力相关疾病中涉及的行为和生理改变，其中下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能亢进、焦虑样行为增加和奖赏系统紊乱是最常见的结果。为了获得一致的数据并阐明雌性动物焦虑和抑郁的潜在机制，需要统一的SIS应用标准。
