Ponnada Aditya, Haynes Caitlin, Maniar Dharam, Manjourides Justin, Intille Stephen
Northeastern University, Boston MA.
Proc ACM Interact Mob Wearable Ubiquitous Technol. 2017 Sep;1(3). doi: 10.1145/3130957.
Mobile-based ecological-momentary-assessment (EMA) is an in-situ measurement methodology where an electronic device prompts a person to answer questions of research interest. EMA has a key limitation: interruption burden. Microinteraction-EMA(μEMA) may reduce burden without sacrificing high temporal density of measurement. In μEMA, all EMA prompts can be answered with 'at a glance' microinteractions. In a prior 4-week pilot study comparing standard EMA delivered on a phone (phone-EMA) vs. μEMA delivered on a smartwatch (watch-μEMA), watch-μEMA demonstrated higher response rates and lower perceived burden than phone-EMA, even when the watch-μEMA interruption rate was 8 times more than phone-EMA. A new 4-week dataset was gathered on smartwatch-based EMA (i.e., watch-EMA with 6 back-to-back, multiple-choice questions on a watch) to compare whether the high response rates of watch-μEMA previously observed were a result of using microinteractions, or due to the novelty and accessibility of the smartwatch. No statistically significant differences in compliance, completion, and first-prompt response rates were observed between phone-EMA and watch-EMA. However, watch-μEMA response rates were significantly higher than watch-EMA. This pilot suggests that (1) the high compliance and low burden previously observed in watch-μEMA is likely due to the microinteraction question technique, not simply the use of the watch versus the phone, and that (2) compliance with traditional EMA (with long surveys) may not improve simply by moving survey delivery from the phone to a smartwatch.
基于移动设备的生态瞬时评估（EMA）是一种现场测量方法，通过电子设备促使人们回答研究感兴趣的问题。EMA有一个关键限制：干扰负担。微交互EMA（μEMA）可以在不牺牲高时间测量密度的情况下减轻负担。在μEMA中，所有EMA提示都可以通过“一目了然”的微交互来回答。在之前一项为期4周的试点研究中，比较了在手机上进行的标准EMA（手机EMA）与在智能手表上进行的μEMA（手表-μEMA），结果显示，即使手表-μEMA的中断率是手机EMA的8倍，手表-μEMA的响应率也高于手机EMA，且感知负担更低。收集了一个新的基于智能手表的EMA为期4周的数据集（即手表EMA，在手表上有6个连续的多项选择题），以比较之前观察到的手表-μEMA的高响应率是使用微交互的结果，还是由于智能手表的新颖性和易用性。在手机EMA和手表EMA之间，未观察到在依从性、完成率和首次提示响应率方面有统计学显著差异。然而，手表-μEMA的响应率显著高于手表EMA。这项试点研究表明：（1）之前在手表-μEMA中观察到的高依从性和低负担可能是由于微交互问题技术，而不仅仅是使用手表与手机的区别；（2）将传统EMA（长调查问卷）的调查方式从手机转移到智能手表上，依从性可能不会简单地提高。
