Department of Psychology.
Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering.
Psychol Aging. 2018 Sep;33(6):871-891. doi: 10.1037/pag0000284.
Many older adults hold powerful positions in governments and corporate boards throughout the world. Accordingly, older adults often have to make important financial decisions on behalf of others under risk. Although it is common to observe younger adults taking more risks when making financial decisions for others, it is unclear if older adults exhibit the same self-other discrepancies. Here, we conducted 2 studies (88 and 124 participants, respectively) to examine self-other discrepancies in financial decision making under risk in older adults. We focused on 3 aspects of financial decision making: loss aversion (a tendency to weight potential losses more strongly than potential gains), risk-aversion asymmetry (a tendency to be risk-averse for potential gains and risk-seeking for potential losses), and risk preferences separately in gain and loss domains. Using computational modeling and behavioral economics tasks, we found weaker self-other discrepancies in older adults (compared with younger adults) across all 3 aspects. We also replicated the age differences in self-other discrepancies in loss aversion across 2 largely nonoverlapping cohorts. Thus, it appears that when making financial decisions on behalf of others, older adults, relative to younger adults, have a stronger disposition to regard others' financial outcomes as important as their own. (PsycINFO Database Record
许多老年人在世界各地的政府和企业董事会中担任要职。因此，老年人通常必须代表他人在风险下做出重要的财务决策。尽管观察到年轻人在为他人做出财务决策时会承担更多风险是很常见的，但老年人是否表现出相同的自我-他人差异还不清楚。在这里，我们进行了两项研究（分别有 88 名和 124 名参与者），以研究老年人在风险下的财务决策中的自我-他人差异。我们关注财务决策的三个方面：损失厌恶（一种更强烈地权衡潜在损失而不是潜在收益的倾向）、风险规避不对称性（对潜在收益的风险规避和对潜在损失的风险寻求倾向），以及在收益和损失领域分别对风险偏好进行研究。使用计算建模和行为经济学任务，我们发现老年人（与年轻人相比）在所有三个方面的自我-他人差异较弱。我们还在两个基本不重叠的队列中复制了损失厌恶中的年龄差异。因此，当代表他人做出财务决策时，老年人相对于年轻人更倾向于将他人的财务结果视为与自己一样重要。
