检查马里兰州儿童保育中心的营养和体育活动政策及实践。
Examining Nutrition and Physical Activity Policies and Practices in Maryland's Child Care Centers.
机构信息
1 Department of Family and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Nursing , Baltimore, MD.
2 Johns Hopkins School of Nursing , Baltimore, MD.
出版信息
Child Obes. 2018 Aug/Sep;14(6):403-411. doi: 10.1089/chi.2018.0085.
BACKGROUND
Child care settings provide opportunities for obesity prevention by implementing nutrition/physical activity best practices. This study examines how center policies, provider training, family education, and center demographics relate to best practices for nutrition/physical activity in Maryland's child care centers.
METHODS
A survey, including minor modifications to The Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-Assessment for Child Care (Go NAP SACC), was sent by e-mail to center directors statewide. Best practice sum scores (dependent variable) were calculated, including physical activity (17 items), feeding environment (18 items), and food served (19 items). Adjusted regression models analyzed the number of nutrition/physical activity policies, provider training topics, and family education opportunities related to best practice scores.
RESULTS
Response rate was 40% (n = 610/1506) with 69% independent centers (vs. organization sponsored), 19% with Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP enrolled), and 50.2% centers with majority (≥70%) Caucasian children and 16.8% centers with majority African American children. Centers reported 40.8% of physical activity best practices, 52.0% of feeding environment best practices, and 51.6% of food served best practices. Centers reported (mean) 7.9 of 16 nutrition/physical activity-relevant policies, 6.9 of 13 provider training topics, and 4.4 of 8 family education opportunities. Regression models yielded associations with best practices: policies and provider training with feeding environment (B = 0.26, p < 0.001; B = 0.26, p = 0.001, respectively); policies with foods served (B = 0.22, p = 0.002); and policies, provider training, and feeding environment with physical activity (B = 0.19, p = 0.001; B = 0.24, p = 0.010; B = 0.38, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Nutrition/physical activity best practices in child care are supported by specific policies, provider training, and family education activities.
背景
儿童保健机构通过实施营养/体育活动最佳实践为预防肥胖提供了机会。本研究探讨了马里兰州儿童保健中心的中心政策、提供者培训、家庭教育以及中心人口统计学与营养/体育活动最佳实践之间的关系。
方法
通过电子邮件向全州的中心主任发送了一份包括对“儿童保健营养和体育活动自我评估（Go NAP SACC）”的微小修改的调查。最佳实践总和分数（因变量）进行了计算，包括体育活动（17 项）、喂养环境（18 项）和提供的食物（19 项）。调整后的回归模型分析了与最佳实践分数相关的营养/体育活动政策、提供者培训主题和家庭教育机会的数量。
结果
回复率为 40%（n=610/1506），其中 69%为独立中心（与组织赞助相比），19%有儿童和成人照顾食品计划（CACFP 注册），50.2%的中心有超过 70%的白种人儿童，16.8%的中心有超过 70%的黑种人儿童。中心报告了 40.8%的体育活动最佳实践、52.0%的喂养环境最佳实践和 51.6%的提供食物最佳实践。中心报告了（平均）16 项营养/体育活动相关政策中的 7.9 项、13 项提供者培训主题中的 6.9 项和 8 项家庭教育机会中的 4.4 项。回归模型得出了与最佳实践相关的关联：政策和提供者培训与喂养环境（B=0.26，p<0.001；B=0.26，p=0.001）；政策与提供的食物（B=0.22，p=0.002）；政策、提供者培训和喂养环境与体育活动（B=0.19，p=0.001；B=0.24，p=0.010；B=0.38，p<0.001）。
结论
儿童保健中营养/体育活动的最佳实践得到了具体政策、提供者培训和家庭教育活动的支持。
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