State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, PR of China.
Sci Rep. 2018 Sep 10;8(1):13512. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29524-1.
The efficiency of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for disposing of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been widely studied, but the environmental fates and effects of the NSAIDs and their degradation products (DPs) are poorly understood. In this study, the efficiency of ultraviolet light/NaSO (UV/PS) in degrading three NSAIDs-diclofenac, naproxen, and ibuprofen-and the toxicity of their DPs on Cyprinus carpio (C. carpio) was investigated. Results showed that the three NSAIDs can be completely removed (removal rate > 99.9%) by UV/PS, while the mineralization rate of the NSAIDs was only 28%. When C. carpio were exposed to 0.1 μM NSAIDs, 10 μM persulfate (PS), and 0.1 μM DPs of the NSAIDs for 96 h, respectively, the toxicity effects are as the NSAID DPs > PS > NSAIDs. Research results into the time-dependent effect of NSAID DPs on C. carpio demonstrated that obvious toxicity effects were observed in the first 48 hours, and the toxicity effects strengthened over time. NSAID DPs may have more severe toxicity effects than NSAIDs on C. carpio; therefore, the operating conditions of UV/PS must be optimized to eliminate the ecotoxicity of DPs.
高级氧化工艺 (AOPs) 处理非甾体抗炎药 (NSAIDs) 的效率已得到广泛研究，但 NSAIDs 及其降解产物 (DPs) 的环境归宿和影响仍知之甚少。本研究考察了紫外光/过硫酸钠 (UV/PS) 对三种 NSAIDs（双氯芬酸、萘普生和布洛芬）的降解效率及其 DPs 对鲤鱼 (C. carpio) 的毒性。结果表明，三种 NSAIDs 可通过 UV/PS 完全去除（去除率>99.9%），而 NSAIDs 的矿化率仅为 28%。当鲤鱼暴露于 0.1μM NSAIDs、10μM 过硫酸盐 (PS) 和 0.1μM NSAIDs 的 DPs 时，96 小时后分别进行毒性效应检测，结果显示 NSAID DPs>PS>NSAIDs。对 NSAID DPs 对鲤鱼的时间依赖性效应的研究结果表明，在前 48 小时观察到明显的毒性效应，且毒性效应随时间增强。NSAID DPs 对鲤鱼的毒性可能比 NSAIDs 更强，因此必须优化 UV/PS 的操作条件以消除 DPs 的生态毒性。
