Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 200 South 33rd Street, 364 Levine Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Chem Soc Rev. 2019 Mar 18;48(6):1626-1641. doi: 10.1039/c8cs00629f.
Nanometer-scale crystals of bulk group IV, III-V, II-VI, IV-VI, I-III-VI2, and metal-halide perovskite semiconductors, dispersed in solvents, are known as colloidal nanocrystals and form an excellent, solution-processable materials class for thin film and flexible electronics. This review surveys the size, composition, and surface chemistry-dependent properties of semiconductor NCs and thin films derived therefrom and provides physico-chemical insight into the recent leaps forward in the performance of NC field-effect transistors. Device design and fabrication methods are described that have enabled the demonstration and scaling up in complexity and area and scaling down in device size of flexible, colloidal nanocrystal integrated circuits. Finally, taking stock of the advances made in the science and engineering of NC systems, challenges and opportunities are presented to develop next-generation, colloidal NC electronic materials and devices, important to their potential in future computational and in Internet of Things applications.
体相 IV、III-V、II-VI、IV-VI、I-III-VI2 和金属卤化物钙钛矿半导体的纳米级晶体分散在溶剂中，被称为胶体纳米晶体，它们形成了一种极好的、可溶液加工的薄膜和柔性电子材料。本综述考察了半导体 NCs 的尺寸、组成和表面化学依赖性特性及其衍生的薄膜，并深入了解了 NC 场效应晶体管性能的最新飞跃。描述了器件设计和制造方法，这些方法使复杂程度、面积和器件尺寸的缩小在柔性胶体纳米晶体集成电路中得到了证明和扩展。最后，对胶体 NC 系统的科学和工程的进展进行了评估，提出了挑战和机遇，以开发下一代胶体 NC 电子材料和器件，这对它们在未来计算和物联网应用中的潜力非常重要。
