Kim Hantai, Lee Jung-Jun, Moon Yeorae, Park Hun Yi
Department of Otolaryngology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
the Office of Biostatistics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
Laryngoscope. 2019 Feb;129(2):470-476. doi: 10.1002/lary.27478. Epub 2018 Sep 12.
To investigate the change of hearing threshold over time and analyze factors that could affect hearing, this longitudinal study of pure-tone threshold changes in the same subjects at a 9-year interval was performed.
Retrospective longitudinal study in a single center (n = 1,978).
A total of 1,978 subjects were included; they received pure-tone audiometry at a 9-year interval. The degree of the threshold changes was examined and compared between age groups. The subjects' data, such as the level of cholesterol, were analyzed to find risk factors on hearing.
The average of the threshold changes was 3.35 dB in the 20s to 30s; 4.38 dB in the 30s to 40s; 5.75 dB in the 40s to 50s; 7.21 dB in the 50s to 60s; and 10.00 dB in the 60s to 70s (all P < 0.05). If the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was maintained below 100 mg/dl, the difference in the weighted four-frequency average was 5.45 dB, whereas it was 6.15 dB in the subjects whose LDL-C was over 100 mg/dl (P = 0.032, age-adjusted). In current smokers, the thresholds increased more than in never- or ex-smokers (P = 0.026 in the weighted four-frequency average and P = 0.011 at 8,000 Hz, age-adjusted).
The degree of the threshold changes exhibited an exponential increase with age. Cessation of smoking is advisable to prevent increased aggravation of hearing. Strict management of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol may have a positive effect on hearing.
3 Laryngoscope, 129:470-476, 2019.
为了研究听力阈值随时间的变化并分析可能影响听力的因素，开展了这项针对同一受试者纯音阈值变化的为期9年的纵向研究。
单中心回顾性纵向研究（n = 1978）。
共纳入1978名受试者；他们每隔9年接受一次纯音听力测定。检查并比较各年龄组之间阈值变化的程度。分析受试者的数据，如胆固醇水平，以找出听力的危险因素。
20多岁到30多岁时阈值变化的平均值为3.35 dB；30多岁到40多岁时为4.38 dB；40多岁到50多岁时为5.75 dB；50多岁到60多岁时为7.21 dB；60多岁到70多岁时为10.00 dB（所有P < 0.05）。如果低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）维持在100 mg/dl以下，加权四频率平均值的差异为5.45 dB，而LDL-C超过100 mg/dl的受试者中这一差异为6.15 dB（年龄调整后P = 0.032）。在当前吸烟者中，阈值升高幅度大于从不吸烟或已戒烟者（加权四频率平均值P = 0.026，8000 Hz时P = 0.011，年龄调整后）。
阈值变化程度随年龄呈指数增加。建议戒烟以防止听力进一步加重。严格控制低密度脂蛋白胆固醇可能对听力有积极影响。
3 喉镜，129:470 - 476，2019年。
