Jenkins D J, Jenkins A L, Wolever T M, Rao A V, Thompson L U
Am J Gastroenterol. 1986 Oct;81(10):920-30.
Increased intake of fiber and starchy foods has been recommended in the treatment or prevention of a range of diseases including dumping syndrome, hyperlipidemia, gallstones, diabetes, Crohn's disease, constipation, irritable bowel, diverticular disease, and colonic cancer. The nature and physiological effects of fiber are diverse. However in general, insoluble fibers increase fecal bulk and decrease transit time. On the other hand, soluble fibers have metabolic effects secondary to reducing the rate of small intestinal absorption. In the colon, along with undigested starch, they are largely fermented yielding short-chain fatty acids which may have further metabolic effects. At present although much further work is required, the clinical management of hyperlipidemia, diabetes, constipation, and diverticular disease have already been significantly influenced as a result of the ideas and experimental evidence generated by the fiber hypothesis.
在一系列疾病的治疗或预防中，包括倾倒综合征、高脂血症、胆结石、糖尿病、克罗恩病、便秘、肠易激综合征、憩室病和结肠癌，都建议增加纤维和淀粉类食物的摄入量。纤维的性质和生理作用多种多样。然而，一般来说，不溶性纤维会增加粪便量并缩短运输时间。另一方面，可溶性纤维具有代谢作用，其继发于降低小肠吸收速率。在结肠中，它们与未消化的淀粉一起被大量发酵，产生短链脂肪酸，这些短链脂肪酸可能具有进一步的代谢作用。目前，尽管还需要做更多的工作，但由于纤维假说所产生的观点和实验证据，高脂血症、糖尿病、便秘和憩室病的临床管理已经受到了显著影响。
