咯血的一种罕见病因：主动脉支气管瘘。
An uncommon cause of hemoptysis: aortobronchial fistula.
作者信息
Fontana Matteo, Tonelli Roberto, Gozzi Filippo, Castaniere Ivana, Marchioni Alessandro, Fantini Riccardo, Coppi Francesca, Natali Filippo, Rovatti Elisabetta, Clini Enrico
机构信息
1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
2Respiratory Diseases Unit and Centre for Rare Lung Diseases, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy.
出版信息
Multidiscip Respir Med. 2018 Sep 10;13:25. doi: 10.1186/s40248-018-0146-3. eCollection 2018.
BACKGROUND
Hemoptysis is a frequent sign of respiratory and non-respiratory diseases. While in most cases the underlying cause is rapidly identified, sometimes the real etiology might be misdiagnosed with dramatic delay in treatment.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 46-year-old man with hiatal hernia and a history of aortic surgery for aortic coarctation presented with dramatic episodes of hemoptysis and subsequent severe anemia (6,9 g/dl). Digestive and respiratory endoscopy resulted not exhaustive, thus he underwent a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest that showed an aneurysmal dilatation of the descending thoracic aorta with suspected aortobronchial fistula. He underwent cardiac surgery that confirmed the diagnosis and successfully treated the fistula.
CONCLUSION
We briefly review the literature to raise clinical awareness on this uncommon cause of hemoptysis.
背景
咯血是呼吸系统和非呼吸系统疾病的常见症状。虽然在大多数情况下能迅速确定潜在病因，但有时真正的病因可能被误诊，导致治疗严重延误。
病例介绍
一名46岁男性，患有食管裂孔疝，有因主动脉缩窄接受主动脉手术的病史，出现反复咯血及随后的严重贫血（血红蛋白6.9g/dl）。消化和呼吸内镜检查结果不全面，因此他接受了胸部增强计算机断层扫描（CT），显示降主动脉瘤样扩张，怀疑存在主动脉支气管瘘。他接受了心脏手术，确诊并成功治疗了瘘管。
结论
我们简要回顾文献，以提高对这种罕见咯血病因的临床认识。
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