Lindgren Jessica A, Vernarelli Jacqueline A, Savage-Williams Jennifer, Hartman Terryl J
Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State, University, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA
The Center for Childhood Obesity Research, The Pennsylvania, State University, 129 Noll Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA
Curr Nutr Rep. 2013 Jun;2(2):90-96. doi: 10.1007/s13668-013-0039-1. Epub 2013 Feb 5.
Dietary patterns capture total diet providing a more comprehensive understanding of the effect of diet on chronic disease risk. Dietary patterns have been associated with several chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and selected cancers; however, the association with breast cancer remains unclear. The objective of this review was to examine critically the most recent literature on dietary patterns and breast cancer and report on current results, new developments, and future directions. Seven case-control and cohort studies from multiple countries have been published during the previous year (2011-2012). Many have analyzed a posteriori dietary patterns via factor and principal component analysis. Whereas results remain mixed, the majority of studies indicate healthier patterns decrease breast cancer risk, although patterns higher in meat and alcohol increase risk. Future studies that examine the associations between diet and tumor subtypes and collect dietary data at younger ages and, if possible, longitudinally would be beneficial.
饮食模式反映了整体饮食情况，能让人更全面地了解饮食对慢性病风险的影响。饮食模式已与多种慢性病相关联，包括心血管疾病和某些癌症；然而，其与乳腺癌的关联仍不明确。本综述的目的是严格审视有关饮食模式与乳腺癌的最新文献，并报告当前结果、新进展和未来方向。去年（2011 - 2012年）已发表了来自多个国家的七项病例对照研究和队列研究。许多研究通过因子分析和主成分分析对事后饮食模式进行了分析。虽然结果不一，但大多数研究表明，更健康的饮食模式可降低乳腺癌风险，而肉类和酒精含量较高的饮食模式则会增加风险。未来研究若能考察饮食与肿瘤亚型之间的关联，并在更年轻时收集饮食数据，如有可能进行纵向收集，将大有裨益。
