Li Simon S W, Chan Otto H T, Ng T Y, Kam L H, Ng C Y, Chung W C, Chow Daniel H K
The Education University of Hong Kong.
Hum Factors. 2018 Sep 14:18720818799190. doi: 10.1177/0018720818799190.
To investigate gender differences in energy expenditure during walking with backpack and double-pack loads.
Studies have reported that energy expenditure during walking with double-pack loads is lower compared with backpack carriage. However, the effect of gender on energy expenditure while walking with these two load distribution systems has not been investigated.
Thirty healthy young adults (15 female and 15 male participants) walked on a treadmill with backpack and double-pack loads weighing 30% of their body weight at a speed of 0.89 m/s for 10 min. The energy expenditure in terms of oxygen consumption (VO) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were continuously monitored using a portable gas analyzer throughout each walking exercise. A mixed-design analysis of variance model was adopted to test the effects of gender, pack, and time on VO and RER.
No time effect was observed on VO. However, significant gender, pack, and interaction effects were observed. The lowest VO was found in female participants under double-pack carriage. No significant gender or pack differences existed in RER. However, RER significantly and incrementally increased in time from the 4th through 6th, 8th, and 10th min.
This study revealed that heavy double-pack load carriage for healthy young female participants had significantly lower energy expenditure (normalized by the entire system weight, i.e., the participant's weight plus the weight of the pack) than that of the male participants in a 10-min walking exercise.
The findings of this study indicated that healthy young female participants carried a heavy double-pack with less energy cost (normalized by the entire system weight, i.e., the participant's weight plus the weight of the pack) compared with their male counterparts during a 10-min walking exercise.
研究背负单包和双包负重行走时的能量消耗性别差异。
研究报告称，与背负单包相比，背负双包负重行走时的能量消耗更低。然而，尚未研究性别对这两种负重分配系统行走时能量消耗的影响。
30名健康的年轻成年人（15名女性和15名男性参与者）在跑步机上以0.89米/秒的速度背负相当于其体重30%的单包和双包负重行走10分钟。在每次行走运动过程中，使用便携式气体分析仪持续监测以耗氧量（VO）和呼吸交换率（RER）表示的能量消耗。采用混合设计方差分析模型来测试性别、背包类型和时间对VO和RER的影响。
未观察到时间对VO有影响。然而，观察到显著的性别、背包类型和交互作用影响。在背负双包时，女性参与者的VO最低。RER方面未观察到显著的性别或背包类型差异。然而，从第4分钟到第6分钟、第8分钟和第10分钟，RER随时间显著且逐渐增加。
本研究表明，在10分钟的行走运动中，健康年轻女性参与者背负沉重的双包负重时的能量消耗（按整个系统重量归一化，即参与者体重加背包重量）显著低于男性参与者。
本研究结果表明，在10分钟的行走运动中，健康年轻女性参与者背负沉重双包时的能量成本（按整个系统重量归一化，即参与者体重加背包重量）低于男性同行。
