Food and Nutrition Policy, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2018 Sep 14;15(1):88. doi: 10.1186/s12966-018-0720-2.
Many countries are trying to identify strategies to control obesity. Nutrition labeling is a policy that could lead to healthy food choices by providing information to consumers. Calorie labeling, for example, could lead to consumers choosing lower calorie foods. However, its effectiveness has been limited. Recently, physical activity equivalent labeling (i.e., displaying calories in terms of estimated amount of physical activity to burn calories) has been proposed as an alternative to the calorie-only label. The aim of this review was to identify and evaluate the published literature comparing effects on health behavior between physical activity equivalent labeling and calorie-only labeling.
We searched the following databases: Pubmed/medline, Scopus, Web of science, Agris, Cochrane library, Google Scholar. We also searched along with reference lists of included articles. Articles that were published between 1 January 2000 and 31 October 2016 were eligible for inclusion provided they reported on studies that examined the effects of both types of labeling and included at least one outcome of interest. Mean and standard deviations of the included results were combined using a fixed-effect model. The difference in calories purchased between people exposed to physical activity labeling and calorie-only labeling was calculated as weighted mean difference by using a fixed-effect model.
The difference of calories ordered between physical activity label and calorie label groups was not statistically significant (SMD: -0.03; 95% CI: -0.13, 0.07). The difference of calories ordered between physical activity label and calorie label according to real vs unreal (e.g. web-based) condition was 65 Kcal fewer in real-world settings.
Physical activity calorie equivalent labeling in minutes does not significantly reduce calories ordered compared to calorie-only labeling.
许多国家都在试图寻找控制肥胖的策略。营养标签是一种可以为消费者提供信息从而引导他们做出健康食物选择的政策。例如，卡路里标签可以引导消费者选择低卡路里的食物。然而，其效果是有限的。最近，人们提出了一种替代仅卡路里标签的方法，即体力活动等效标签（即，根据估计的消耗卡路里的体力活动量来显示卡路里）。本研究的目的是确定并评估已发表的文献，比较体力活动等效标签和仅卡路里标签对健康行为的影响。
我们检索了以下数据库：Pubmed/medline、Scopus、Web of science、Agris、Cochrane library、Google Scholar。我们还检索了纳入文章的参考文献列表。纳入的文章需满足以下标准：发表日期在 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2016 年 10 月 31 日之间；报告了关于这两种标签的影响的研究；且包含至少一个感兴趣的结果。使用固定效应模型合并包含结果的平均值和标准差。使用固定效应模型计算暴露于体力活动标签和仅卡路里标签的人之间购买的卡路里差异的加权均数差。
体力活动标签组和仅卡路里标签组之间订购的卡路里差异无统计学意义（SMD：-0.03；95%CI：-0.13，0.07）。根据真实（如基于网络）与虚拟（如实验室）环境的差异，真实环境中体力活动标签比仅卡路里标签订购的卡路里少 65 千卡。
与仅卡路里标签相比，体力活动卡路里等效标签分钟数并没有显著减少订购的卡路里。
