Hussain Rashad, Zubair Hira, Pursell Sarah, Shahab Muhammad
Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
Brain Sci. 2018 Sep 15;8(9):177. doi: 10.3390/brainsci8090177.
Regeneration refers to regrowth of tissue in the central nervous system. It includes generation of new neurons, glia, myelin, and synapses, as well as the regaining of essential functions: sensory, motor, emotional and cognitive abilities. Unfortunately, regeneration within the nervous system is very slow compared to other body systems. This relative slowness is attributed to increased vulnerability to irreversible cellular insults and the loss of function due to the very long lifespan of neurons, the stretch of cells and cytoplasm over several dozens of inches throughout the body, insufficiency of the tissue-level waste removal system, and minimal neural cell proliferation/self-renewal capacity. In this context, the current review summarized the most common features of major neurodegenerative disorders; their causes and consequences and proposed novel therapeutic approaches.
再生是指中枢神经系统中组织的重新生长。它包括新神经元、神经胶质细胞、髓磷脂和突触的生成，以及基本功能的恢复：感觉、运动、情感和认知能力。不幸的是，与身体其他系统相比，神经系统内的再生非常缓慢。这种相对缓慢归因于对不可逆细胞损伤的易感性增加，以及由于神经元寿命极长、细胞和细胞质在全身延伸数十英寸、组织水平的废物清除系统不足以及神经细胞增殖/自我更新能力极小而导致的功能丧失。在此背景下，本综述总结了主要神经退行性疾病的最常见特征；它们的病因和后果，并提出了新的治疗方法。
