Wiedemann Andreas
Urologische Abteilung, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Witten gGmbH, Lehrstuhl für Geriatrie, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Pferdebachstr. 27, 58455, Witten, Deutschland.
Urologe A. 2018 Oct;57(10):1257-1270. doi: 10.1007/s00120-018-0771-7.
The geriatric patient is characterized by his age, multimorbidity, and multimedication. This results in a particular vulnerability, which requires "geriatric" methods, also in urology. Modern urology is dominated by prescriptive laboratory values, imaging features, or histologic results. However, this does not comply with the requirements of the geriatric patient, with his functional deficits, abilities, capabilities, and skills. In this context, screening methods provide the possibility to identify such patients. Reliable and valid precisely targeted assessments make it possible to detect these functional deficits. Basic assessments analyze typical problem areas of geriatric patients, such as mobility, autonomy, urinary incontinence, activities of daily life, cognition, and others. Additional assessments are used in cases of special issues such as depression or malnutrition.
老年患者的特点是年龄较大、患有多种疾病且服用多种药物。这导致了一种特殊的脆弱性，在泌尿外科领域也需要采用“老年医学”方法。现代泌尿外科以规定的实验室值、影像学特征或组织学结果为主导。然而，这并不符合老年患者的需求，因为他们存在功能缺陷、能力和技能方面的问题。在这种情况下，筛查方法提供了识别此类患者的可能性。可靠且有效的精准靶向评估能够检测出这些功能缺陷。基础评估分析老年患者的典型问题领域，如 mobility、自主性、尿失禁、日常生活活动、认知等。在诸如抑郁或营养不良等特殊问题的情况下，则使用额外的评估。 （注：mobility 此处可能是“活动能力”等类似意思，原文未完整翻译）
