Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture (ISA), Yncréa Hauts-de-France, EA 7394-ICV Institut Charles Viollette, Lille, France.
Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, CHRU de Lille, Faculté de médecine - Pôle recherche, Lille, France.
J Sci Food Agric. 2019 Mar 15;99(4):1780-1786. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9370. Epub 2018 Oct 30.
To promote sustainable agriculture and healthy food, research that contributes towards a new generation of eco-friendly phytosanitary compounds is increasingly encouraged. The plant hormone salicylic acid (SA) is known for its ability to induce resistance in plants against a wide range of pathogens, whereas pyroglutamic acid (PGA), a constrained analogue of γ-aminobutyric acid, has never been studied in the context of plant protection.
The present study investigated for the first time the protection efficacy of SA and PGA and five new conjugated derivatives against Zymoseptoria tritici, the main pathogen in wheat crops. SA and four derivatives showed significant disease severity reductions in planta (up to 49%). In vitro assays revealed that some molecules, including SA, displayed a small direct antifungal activity, whereas others, such as PGA, showed no effect. This finding suggests that, especially for molecules without any direct activity, the mode of action relies mainly on the induction of plant resistance.
Further investigations are needed to identify the defence pathways involved in plant resistance mechanisms elicited or primed by the molecules. The manufacture of these products was easily achieved on a scale of tens of grams of raw materials, and is easily scalable. The synthetic pathway is simple, short and inexpensive. For all of these reasons, the production of the target molecules is attractive for producers, whereas the prospect of a generation of non-polluting compounds with lasting efficiency against Z. tritici in wheat comes at a key moment for the sustainability of agriculture. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
为了促进可持续农业和健康食品，越来越鼓励研究有助于新一代环保植物保护化合物的产生。植物激素水杨酸（SA）以其诱导植物对广泛病原体产生抗性的能力而闻名，而吡咯烷酮羧酸（PGA），γ-氨基丁酸的约束类似物，从未在植物保护方面进行过研究。
本研究首次调查了 SA 和 PGA 以及五种新的共轭衍生物对小麦作物主要病原体叶枯病菌的保护效果。SA 和四种衍生物在植物体内显著降低了病害严重度（高达 49%）。体外试验表明，包括 SA 在内的一些分子表现出微弱的直接抗真菌活性，而其他分子如 PGA 则没有效果。这一发现表明，特别是对于没有任何直接活性的分子，作用模式主要依赖于诱导植物抗性。
需要进一步研究来确定所涉及的防御途径，这些分子诱导或引发植物抗性机制。这些产品的制造可以很容易地在数十克原料的规模上实现，并且很容易扩展。合成途径简单、短且廉价。由于所有这些原因，对于生产者来说，目标分子的生产具有吸引力，而在小麦中产生持久效率且无污染的化合物的前景对于农业的可持续性来说是一个关键时期。© 2018 化学工业学会。
