Felkai Péter
Belgyógyászati Intézet, Anyagcsere-betegségek Tanszék, Utazásorvostani Tanszéki Csoport, Debreceni Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Debrecen.
Orv Hetil. 2018 Sep;159(38):1535-1542. doi: 10.1556/650.2018.31193.
The Way of St. James (El Camino) is getting more and more popular. Analysis of the age groups of the pilgrims shows that the number of young pilgrims (30< years) is decreasing, but the number of middle-aged people (30-60 years) is slightly increasing, while the number of elderly people (>60 years) has considerably increased. The statistical data of the Pilgrims' office in Santiago de Compostela also display the continuous elevation in the number of the "pilgrims" who had completed the El Camino without any religious or spiritual reason. Therefore this pilgrim route became a long-distance trekking - in the point of view of travel medicine. The old age is a high risk for travellers moreover in this long distance trekking. Therefore pre-travel counselling would be vital for aged pilgrims. Unfortunately, a few articles have been published only on the medical problems of El Camino. Taking into consideration the possible health damages during the 800 km long "Camino", the author describes its health hazards. This study could be a useful guideline for pre-travel advice for El Camino pilgrims as only limited information can be gained from the Pilgrims' Reception Office (PRO) in Santiago de Compostela. Some information was collected from the relevant pages of the internet. Therefore the author could draw limited consequences from the statistical data. Yet, the analysis of the medical causes of the deceased pilgrims told more about the hazards of 'The Way'. Although the number of female and male pilgrims was equal in the statistical data, yet the mortality rate of the male pilgrims is much more higher than that of the female pilgrims (93-7%). The most frequent cause of death was acute coronary syndrome or its suspicion (40-34%). The second most frequent cause of death was road traffic accident (17,5-25%). The most vulnerable pilgrims are the cyclists in this respect. The exacerbation of any chronic disease was also different among the genders (3-25%) but homicide is a more frequent cause of death in the female group (2%-8%). The cause of death was exhaustion, stroke, hypothermia and drowning (because of the ritual bathing in the sea, after the route completed) as well. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(38): 1535-1542.
圣雅各之路（又称“朝圣之路”）越来越受欢迎。对朝圣者年龄组的分析表明，年轻朝圣者（30岁以下）的数量在减少，但中年朝圣者（30至60岁）的数量略有增加，而老年朝圣者（60岁以上）的数量大幅增加。圣地亚哥-德孔波斯特拉朝圣者办公室的统计数据还显示，没有任何宗教或精神原因而完成朝圣之路的“朝圣者”数量持续上升。因此，从旅行医学的角度来看，这条朝圣路线变成了一次长途徒步旅行。老年对旅行者来说是一个高风险因素，尤其是在这次长途徒步旅行中。因此，旅行前咨询对老年朝圣者至关重要。不幸的是，关于朝圣之路医疗问题的文章只发表了几篇。考虑到在长达800公里的“朝圣之路”上可能对健康造成的损害，作者描述了其健康危害。这项研究可以作为为朝圣之路朝圣者提供旅行前建议的有用指南，因为从圣地亚哥-德孔波斯特拉的朝圣者接待办公室（PRO）只能获得有限的信息。一些信息是从互联网相关页面收集的。因此，作者只能从统计数据中得出有限的结论。然而，对已故朝圣者死因的分析更多地揭示了“朝圣之路”的危险。尽管统计数据中男女朝圣者数量相等，但男性朝圣者的死亡率远高于女性朝圣者（93% - 7%）。最常见的死因是急性冠状动脉综合征或疑似急性冠状动脉综合征（40% - 34%）。第二常见的死因是道路交通事故（17.5% - 25%）。在这方面，最易受伤害的朝圣者是骑自行车的人。任何慢性病的加重在不同性别中也有所不同（3% - 25%），但凶杀在女性群体中是更常见的死因（2% - 8%）。死因还包括疲惫、中风、体温过低和溺水（由于在路线结束后在海中进行仪式性沐浴）。《匈牙利医学周报》。2018年；159(38): 1535 - 1542。
